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U2T4

TermDefinition
Asexual Reproduction A form of reproduction involving only one parent that produces offspring genetically identical to the parent (clones).
Sexual Reproduction A mode of reproduction involving the fusion of two distinct gametes (usually from two parents) to create a genetically diverse offspring.
Chromosome A threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.
Chromatid One of the two identical halves of a replicated chromosome that separate during cell division.
Gene A distinct sequence of nucleotides forming part of a chromosome, which acts as a basic unit of heredity by determining the order of monomers in a polypeptide or nucleic acid molecule.
Allele One of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome.
Meiosis A type of cell division that results in four daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, typically producing gametes.
Homologous chromosomes A pair of chromosomes (one from each parent) that are similar in shape, size, and gene arrangement.
Tetrad A group of four closely associated chromatids formed of a pair of homologous chromosomes during the prophase of meiosis.
Crossing Over The exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during meiosis, which results in new combinations of alleles in gametes.
Gamete A mature haploid male or female germ cell (e.g., sperm or egg) that is able to unite with another of the opposite sex in sexual reproduction to form a zygote.
Diploid Containing two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent (denoted as 2n).
Haploid Having a single set of unpaired chromosomes (denoted as n), typical of gametes.
Created by: user-2051550
 

 



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