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Biology 4-2

QuestionAnswer
How is active transport different from passive transport? Active transport requires the cell to use energy.
What types of substances are transported by active transport? Sodium and potassium ions
What provides energy for active transport? ATP.
Explain what the sodium-potassium pump does. Include the number of ions moved in and out. It takes three sodium ions out of the cell and two potassium ions into the cell.
Give two reasons why the sodium-potassium pump is important. 1. It prevents sodium ions from accumulating in the cell, which would be toxic to the cell. 2. Creates a membrane potential.
What is endocytosis? The movement of a substance into a cell by a vesicle.
What types of substances are transported by endocytosis? Proteins and polysaccharides.
What is exocytosis? The movement of a substance by a vesicle to the outside of a cell.
What types of substances are transported by exocytosis? Molecules and large things.
What is an example of a common signal molecule? Hormones.
What is a receptor protein? Give an example of a cell with receptor proteins and how it works. A protein that binds to a specific signal molecule. Your study guide does not include the example.
List three changes that occur when a signal molecule binds to a receptor protein. 1. Causes changes in the permeability of the receiving cell. 2. Triggers the formation of second messengers inside the cell. 3. Activates enzymes inside the cell.
List at least two drugs and explain how they affect the signal protein/receptor protein system. Heroin - binds to receptor proteins on a receiving cell, altering the function of the cell. Beta blockers bind to some receptor proteins and interfere with signal-molecule binding, preventing the heart rate from increasing too fast.
Created by: user-1991880
 

 



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