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NUR215 L4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Why is theory important? | Theory provides nurses with a unique professional identity and a coherent framework for practice Theories also help guide us through complex situations. |
| Nursing models are a visualization of a | theory |
| Every theory will be built on a | conceptual model!! |
| There are 4 concepts in every nursing theory This is called the | nursing metaparadigm |
| What consists of the nursing metaparadigm? 4 | 1. Person 2. Environment 3. Health 4. Nursing |
| Person | recipient of care, encompassing physical, spiritual, psychological and sociocultural components. May be an individual, family, or community |
| Environment | all internal; and external conditions, circumstances, and influences affecting the person. Including physical, social, cultural, and psychological factors External ex: home |
| Health | the degree of wellness or illness experienced by the person, viewed on continuum rather than as a binary state of being sick or well |
| Nursing | the actions, characteristics, and attributes of the person providing care- encompassing both the art and the science of nursing practice |
| What is theory? | Theories are logical in nature Theories should make sense They are generalizable across populations They provide clear direction for clinical practice |
| The value of nursing theory | Provides directions for practice Defines nursing’s contribution Informs evidence-based practice Facilitates professional communication Guides research Shapes professional identity |
| A philosophy is | a set of beliefs of what someone believes |
| Hospitals have different | philosophies |
| There are two groups of theories you have to know | 1. Grand theory 2. Middle range theory |
| Grand theory | broad conceptualization of nursing phenomena addressing the full scope of practice. May be challenging to test empirically due to their abstract nature |
| Middle range theory | narrower in focus, making connections between grand theories and everyday nursing practice. Less abstract and proposes specific, testable outcomes |
| Grand adjectives | broad, abstract |
| Middle range adjectives | narrow, testable |
| Nursology | the science of nursing |
| What nursology is | something else to help define our discipline. The science and the body of knowledge that we have created in nursing that defines what we do |
| Theory has evolved as well. Theory is required to | be a part of nursing education. It is the base! This is a required part of the BSN |
| Research has a ______ associated with it as well | theoretical framework |
| Barriers to theory implementation | Organizational barriers Time constraints Educational gaps- only 4 year degree nurses get theory knowledge Resistance to change |
| Two theorists in the TCNJ curriculum | 1. Jean Watson 2. Patricia Benner |
| Jean Watson: theory of | human caring |
| Watson believes that | the care that is delivered is just as important as how the care is delivered |
| ***It is about this relationship we establish with our patients. Focusing on nurse-patient relationship She is focusing on the art of nursing | |
| What she believed to be true | Caring is central to everything that we do Caring promotes healing and health Caring is essential in the relationship between the patient and nurse At the foundation for caring for others, is actually caring for yourself |
| 3 foundational concepts | 1. Caring is actually a science. Multiple things are integrated into a framework. It is more than a person’s personality, it can be learned and taught 2. Transpersonal caring relationship 3. Caring moment (caring occasion) |
| Watson Person | a human being that needs to be cared for, nurtured, valued, respected, understood |
| Watson Environment | Presents a broad abstract that can be applied to multiple patient populations |
| Watson Health | politics. Physical and mental wellbeing. Not just the absence of disease |
| Watson Nursing | our job as nurses is to promote and restore health. Prevent illness |
| The foundation of Watson's theory is | the 10 Carative factors (10 caritas processes) |
| Her professional identity is to think about | ethical nursing practice |
| Patricia Benner | Novice to expert |
| ***discusses the way nurses develop overtime into experts Can help normalize the learning curve Confidence building over time Fully emphasizes experiential learning. You can’t learn just from a textbook | |
| Experience in nursing is a prerequisite for | expertise - Repeated exposure to patient situation - Expertise only develops when the skills are formed in authentic clinical environments |
| Foundations of Benner’s Theory | Adapted from the Dreyfus model. This was developed for chess players and pilots. Thinks about how people acquire skill Knowledge is just as important as experience Reflection on these encounters accelerated growth Gradual development |
| ***Conclusions: our capacity of this judgement changes every time we have a new experience Each experience comes with opportunities and challenges, which guides our future interactions | |
| The 5 levels of skill acquisition | 1. Novice 2. Advanced beginner 3. Competent 4. Proficient 5. Expert |
| Novice | nursing students with no prior clinical experience. Key characteristics: Relies heavily on rules, checklists, and step by step instructions Focuses on completing tasks rather than seeing the whole patient Needs concrete guideline |
| Advanced beginner | nurses with some real world clinical skills. Often in their first nursing Pos KC: Begin to recognize recurring clinical situations Starting to connect classroom theory to bedside practice Still need guidance in prioritization and decision-making |
| Competent stage | nurses with 2 years of experience. Where you start to see where your actions are part of this bigger picture KC: Able to plan care and manage patient assignments effectively More efficient Sees actions in terms of long-term goals |
| Proficient stage | nurses with deeper experiences who perceive situations holistically |
| Expert stage | 5+ years of experience. Their responses are seamless, automatic, and no longer require deliberate rule-following |
| Key concepts in Benner’s Theory | 1. Clinical judgement- improves your ability to figure out whats going on 2. Experiential learning 3. Situated knowledge |
| Building profession identity through Benner’s Framework | Avoid perfectionism Develop confidence gradually Value mentorship Respect the journey |
| Strengths | Grounded in real nursing practice |
Created by:
liladdoyle