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cell.vocabulary
cell
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cell | is the smallest, basic unit of life that makes up all living organisms. |
| Osmosis | is the movement of water molecules through a semi-permeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration. |
| Cell Theory | is a core scientific rule in biology stating that all living things are made of cells, cells are the basic building blocks of life, and all new cells come from existing cells. |
| Cell Wall | is a tough, outer layer that surrounds the cell membrane of plants, fungi, bacteria, and algae, providing structure, shape, and protection. |
| Cell Membrane | is a thin, flexible, semipermeable layer that surrounds every living cell. |
| Nucleus | the membrane-enclosed organelle in biology that stores a cell's DNA, or the dense, positive center of an atom in physics. |
| Organelle | is a specialized subunit within a biological cell that has one or more specific jobs to perform. |
| Ribosome | tiny cellular structures made of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins that act as the primary site for protein synthesis in all living cells. |
| Nucleic Acid | large, naturally occurring biomolecules that store, express, and transmit genetic information in all living cells and viruses.. |
| Selectively Permeable | is a barrier that allows certain molecules or ions to pass through while blocking others. |
| Cytoplasm | is the jelly-like, semifluid material that fills a cell, enclosed by the cell membrane and-in eukaryotic cells-located outside the nucleus. |
| Mitochondria | are double-membrane-bound cell organelles that convert nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the chemical energy that powers most cell activities. |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | reticulum (ER) is a continuous network of membrane-enclosed sacs and tubes found within the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. |
| Golgi Apparatus | is a membrane-bound cell organelle found in eukaryotic cells that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for delivery to other parts of the cell or for export outside the cell. |
| Chloroplast | is a double-membrane-bound organelle found in the cells of plants and green algae that conducts photosynthesis to convert light energy into chemical energy. |
| Lysosome | is a membrane-bound cell organelle found in eukaryotic cells that acts as the cell's "recycling center" or "garbage disposal" by containing digestive enzymes to break down waste, old cell parts, and invading microbes. |
| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid) |
| Passive Transport | is the movement of molecules or ions across a cell membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration without using cellular energy. |
| Active Transport | is the movement of molecules or ions across a cell membrane from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration. |
| Diffusion | is the net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. |
| Tissue | s a collection of similar cells that work together to perform a specific function in a multicellular organism. |
| Organ | |
| Organ System | |
| Endocytosis | |
| Exocytosis |
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