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A+P lecture Exam 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the major metabolically active for of vitamin D is | calcitriol |
| what is the space in the diaphysis of a long bone that contains bone marrow? | medullary cavity |
| carpals are classified as | short bones |
| elbows and knees are ________ | hinge joints |
| a patient's blood phosphate level is 5.0 mg/dL, the patient has _________ | hyperphosphatemia |
| which osseous tissue cell acts as a stem cell | osteogenic cells |
| consumption of anabolic steroids results in: | premature closure of epiphyseal plates |
| which gland secretes calcitonin | thyroid gland |
| a patient you are monitoring in the hospital has a blood calcium concentration of 7.9 mg/dL. Which of the following hormones gets secreted into this patient's blood to correct the abnormality | parathyroid hormone |
| ________________ is the process by which calcium, phosphate, and other ions are transferred from osseous tissue to blood | bone resorption |
| phalanges are classified as | long bones |
| fetal skull bones form by | intramembranous ossification |
| the proximal and distal ends of a long bone are | epiphyses |
| bone formation= | osteogenesis + ossification |
| sphenoid bone is classified as | irregular bone |
| _____ is the site of red blood cell production | red bone marrow |
| which bone cell develops from osteogenic cells (bone stem cells) | osteoclasts |
| these bone cells are nonmitotic | osteoblasts |
| which bone secretes osteocalcin | osteoblasts |
| osteomalacia is caused by what | inadequate calcitriol |
| the process by which calcium, phosphate and other ions are taken from blood and deposited into bone | mineralization |
| abnormal calcification results in: | formation of calculus in an otherwise soft organ |
| what is the normal concentration of calcium in blood | 8.2-10.2 mg/dL |
| suffocation can be cause by | hypocalcemia |
| pregnancy and lactation increase the risk of | hypocalcemia |
| what three hormones regulate calcium homeostasis? | parathyroid, calcitonin, and calcitriol |
| which form of vitamin D is created in the liver | 25-hydroxy vitamin D |
| which form of vitamin D is created in the kidneys | 1, 25 dihydroxy vitamin D |
| ______________ is secreted by C cells (clear cells) of thyroid gland when blood calcium levels are too high | calcitonin |
| how does calcitonin lower blood calcium levels | inhibits osteoclasts and promotes osteoblasts |
| how does calcitriol increase blood calcium levels | inhibits osteoblasts and promotes osteoclasts |
| what organ secretes parathyroid hormone | parathyroid glad on the thyroid |
| PTH _______ blood calcium levels | raises |
| calcitonin ______ blood calcium levels | lowers |
| calcitriol ______ blood calcium levels | raises |
| normal blood phosphate level is: | 3.0-4.5 mg/dL |
| calcitriol ______ blood phosphate levels by _______its absorption in the small intestine | raises; promoting |
| PTH ______ blood phosphate levels by ________ its urinary excretion | lowers; promoting |
| calcitriol _____________ blood calcium levels by _________ calcium absorption by small intestine and ________ calcium resorption from skeleton | raises; increases; increases |
| first step in bone fracture healing process | hematoma formation |
| second step in bone fracture healing process | soft callus formation |
| third step in bone fracture healing process | hard callus formation |
| final step in bone fracture healing process | bone remodeling |
| synostosis | bony joint |
| synarthrosis | fibrous joint |
| diarthrosis | synovial joint |
| symphysis and synchondrosis are examples of what king of joint | cartilaginous joint |
| sutures, gomphoses, and syndesmoses are examples of what kind of joint | fibrous |
| adjacent bones bound by collagen fibers that emerge from one bone and penetrate into another | synarthrosis |
| an immobile joint formed when the gap between two bones ossifies and bones basically become one bone | synostosis |
Created by:
epearce15