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Meiosis vocab

TermDefinition
Asexual Reproduction Asexual reproduction is a type of reproduction that creates new offspring from a single parent without the fusion of sex cells (gametes)
Sexual Reproduction Sexual reproduction is a biological process where two specialized reproductive cells (called gametes)—a sperm from a male parent and an egg from a female parent—fuse together to form a new, genetically unique organism
Chromosome A chromosome is a thread-like structure made of protein and a single molecule of DNA that carries genomic information from cell to cell
Chromatid A chromatid is one of the two identical halves of a replicated chromosome
Gene A gene is the basic physical and functional unit of heredity made up of a specific sequence of DNA
Allele An allele is an alternative form or version of a gene located at a specific position on a chromosome
Meiosis Meiosis is a specialized type of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that reduces the chromosome number by half, turning one diploid parent cell into four haploid genetic-diverse gametes (sperm and egg cells)
Homologous chromosomes Homologous chromosomes are a pair of matching chromosomes in a diploid organism, with one inherited from the mother and one from the father
Tetrad A tetrad is a group or arrangement of four things, most commonly referring to a bundle of four chromatids that forms during meiosis (cell division that creates sperm and egg cells)
Crossing Over Crossing over is the exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis
Gamete A gamete is a mature sex cell—such as a sperm or egg—that unites with another gamete during sexual reproduction to form a new organism
Diploid A diploid cell is a cell that contains two complete sets of chromosomes—one set inherited from the mother and one set inherited from the father
Haploid A haploid cell or organism is one that has a single set of unpaired chromosomes which is half the number found in a standard diploid cell
Created by: user-2051326
 

 



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