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U2T4 Meiosis Vocabul

QuestionAnswer
Asexual Reproduction Asexual reproduction is a type of reproduction that creates new offspring from a single parent without the union of sex cells or gametes
Sexual Reproduction Sexual reproduction is a biological process where a haploid male gamete (sperm) and a haploid female gamete (egg) fuse during fertilization to create a genetically unique, diploid zygote
Chromosome A chromosome is a thread-like structure made of protein and a single molecule of DNA that carries an organism's genetic information
Chromatid A chromatid is one of the two identical halves of a duplicated chromosome formed during cell division.
Gene (use glossary) A gene is the basic physical and functional unit of heredity made up of a specific sequence of DNA or RNA
Allele (use glossary) An allele is one of two or more alternative forms of a gene that occupy the same position (locus) on a chromosome
Meiosis Meiosis is a specialized type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, turning a diploid cell (two sets of chromosomes) into four genetically distinct haploid gametes (one set of chromosomes).
Homologous chromosomes Homologous chromosomes are a pair of matching chromosomes in an organism, with one inherited from the mother and one from the father.
Tetrad A tetrad is generally defined as a group, set, or arrangement of four components. The term comes from the Greek word tetras, meaning "four".
Crossing Over Crossing over is the biological process where two homologous chromosomes (matching pairs of chromosomes from each parent) pair up and exchange pieces of DNA during meiosis.
Gamete Gametes are reproductive or sex cells that fuse with another haploid cell during sexual reproduction to form a new diploid organism
Diploid A diploid cell or organism has two complete sets of chromosomes, with one set inherited from each parent
Haploid A haploid cell is a cell that contains a single set of unpaired chromosomes, represented by the symbol n
Created by: user-2051145
 

 



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