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meiosis
tabby meow meow
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| asexual reproduction | cell division. in most cases, two cells produced by cell division are genetically identical to the cell that produced them |
| sexual reproduction | involves the fusion of two reproductive cells formed by each of two parents (most offspring produced by sexual reproduction inherit some of their genetic information from their parent) most animals and plants do this |
| chromosome | genetic information bundled into a package of DNA |
| chromatid | "each duplicated chromosome condenses to appear as two thick strands known as sister chromatids |
| gene | sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait; factor that is passed from the parent to offspring |
| allele | one of different forms of a gene |
| meiosis | process where number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the separation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell |
| homologous chromosomes | this means that each of the four chromosomes from the male parent have a corresponding chromosome from the female parent |
| tetrad | "chromosome pairs with its corresponding homologous chromosome. this pairing forms a structure called a tetrad, which contains four chromosomes. |
| crossing over | a process where bits and pieces of the homologous chromosomes are exchanged. crossing over produces new combinations of alleles on each chromosome. |
| gamete | reproductive cells |
| diploid | a cell with two sets of homologous chromosomes is said to be a diploid, meaning double |
| haploid | some cells have a single set of chromosomes and therefore, a single set of genes. haploid means single. |
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tabbycatxo