Leucippus and Democritus: all matter is built from tiny undivisible particles called atomos Aristotle: matter is composed of fire, water, air, earth, and aether 400 BC

-Atoms were a hard round ball that cannot be created, destroyed, or split -law of conservation of mass -law of definite proportions -law of multiple proportions John Dalton 1803

JJ Thompson discovered Atoms were made of positive and negative charged electrons in 1897 and proposed the plum pudding model in 1904 used the cathode ray tube

Rutherford discovered the small dense and positively charged nucleus surrounded by electrons in mostly empty space discovered in 1911 discovered using a beam of positively charged alpha particles fired at a thin sheet of gold foil

Rutherford proposed that electrons orbit the nucleus like planets around the sun

-e's r probabilitybased waves rather than particles traveling In fixed orbits waveparticle duality: electrons display both wave & particle characteristics Schrodinger Equation probability density Heisenberg uncertainty principle atomic orbitals 1913

-subatomic indivisivle particles that combine to form protons and neutrons -flavors: up, down, charm, strange, top, bottom Gell-Mann and Zweig proposed in 1964

-emission or transmission of energy as waves or fast moving particles through space or a medium -lets scientists observe how unstable nuclei break down, release energy, and probe the inner structure of matter

-spontaneous emission of particle and electromagnetic energy from an unstable atomic nucleus trying to reach a stable state -reveals the forces, energy levels, and structures inside unstable Atoms through the particle and rays they spontaneously emit

rearranges electrons outside the nucleus to form new molecules

process in which the nucleus of an atom changes eitherby colliding with another nucleus or subatomic particles, or by decaying spontaneously

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nuclear models

Question	Answer
greek	Leucippus and Democritus: all matter is built from tiny undivisible particles called atomos Aristotle: matter is composed of fire, water, air, earth, and aether 400 BC
billiard ball	-Atoms were a hard round ball that cannot be created, destroyed, or split -law of conservation of mass -law of definite proportions -law of multiple proportions John Dalton 1803
plum pudding	JJ Thompson discovered Atoms were made of positive and negative charged electrons in 1897 and proposed the plum pudding model in 1904 used the cathode ray tube
nuclear	Rutherford discovered the small dense and positively charged nucleus surrounded by electrons in mostly empty space discovered in 1911 discovered using a beam of positively charged alpha particles fired at a thin sheet of gold foil
satellite	Rutherford proposed that electrons orbit the nucleus like planets around the sun
quantum/mechanical	-e's r probabilitybased waves rather than particles traveling In fixed orbits waveparticle duality: electrons display both wave & particle characteristics Schrodinger Equation probability density Heisenberg uncertainty principle atomic orbitals 1913
quark	-subatomic indivisivle particles that combine to form protons and neutrons -flavors: up, down, charm, strange, top, bottom Gell-Mann and Zweig proposed in 1964
radiation	-emission or transmission of energy as waves or fast moving particles through space or a medium -lets scientists observe how unstable nuclei break down, release energy, and probe the inner structure of matter
radioactivity	-spontaneous emission of particle and electromagnetic energy from an unstable atomic nucleus trying to reach a stable state -reveals the forces, energy levels, and structures inside unstable Atoms through the particle and rays they spontaneously emit
chemical reaction	rearranges electrons outside the nucleus to form new molecules
nuclear reactions	process in which the nucleus of an atom changes eitherby colliding with another nucleus or subatomic particles, or by decaying spontaneously

Created by: daisydo

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