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Stack #4731943
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Matter | Anything that has mass and takes up space |
| Mass | The amount of matter an object is made of |
| Weight | The pull of gravity on an object; measured with a scale |
| Volume | How much space an object takes up; measured with graduated cylinders and rulers |
| Property | A quality or trait or detail used to describe something |
| Melting point | The temperature at which something melts; ice melts at 32 degrees F and steel at about 2500 degrees F |
| Solubility | How easily matter dissolves; sugar is high and sand is low |
| Buoyancy | An object's ability to float; pumice floats and copper sinks |
| Hardness | How hard a material is; tested with a scratch test |
| Reflectivity | How well a surface reflects light; shiny copper is high and dull pumice is low |
| Electrical conductivity | How easily electricity passes through; copper is used in wires |
| Heat conductivity | How easily heat passes through; most metals conduct heat well so pots are made of metal |
| Magnetism | Being attracted to magnets; iron and nickel and cobalt are magnetic but copper and aluminum are not |
| Design process | A plan used to find and develop solutions to a problem |
| Design process steps | Define the problem then plan a solution then make a model then test the model then evaluate and redesign |
| Solution | A way to solve a problem |
| Criteria | The standards by which something is judged (what the solution needs to be) |
| Constraints | Limits on the design process such as cost or size or weight |
| Evidence | Information that helps answer a question or support a claim or solve a problem |
| Models | Pictures or symbols or physical examples that explain something we cannot directly observe |
| Particles | Tiny pieces of matter that are too small to be seen |
| Expand | To grow bigger; a balloon expands when air is blown in which shows air takes up space |
| Water vapor | Tiny particles of water in the air that we cannot see |
| Dissolve | To separate and spread out particles of matter into another substance |
| Faster dissolving | Heating or stirring makes matter dissolve faster; warm water dissolves more sugar than cold water |
| Evaporate | To change from a liquid to a gas |
| Evaporation | The process of matter changing from a liquid to a gas; like a puddle drying up |
| Condense | To change from a gas to a liquid; like dew on grass or drops on a cold glass |
| Physical change | Matter changes shape or size or state but no new type of matter forms |
| States of matter | The different physical forms of matter; three common states are solid and liquid and gas |
| Solid | Matter with a definite shape and volume; particles are rigidly arranged in place |
| Liquid | Matter with a definite volume but no definite shape; particles move around each other |
| Gas | Matter with no definite shape or volume; particles move freely and spread to fill any container |
| Heat and particles | Adding heat makes particles move more and spread apart |
| Density | The amount of matter in a certain amount of space; ice is less dense than water so it floats |
| Conserve | To keep a constant amount; no matter is gained or lost in a physical or chemical change |
| Nickel example | A 1309 g metal sheet makes 720 g of nickels plus 589 g of scrap; 720 + 589 = 1309 so matter is conserved |
| Mixture | Different types of matter combined that can usually be separated back into the original parts (like a salad) |
| Chemical change | Two or more types of matter interact to form a new type of matter (like baking bread) |
| Chemical | A specific type of matter made of particles of the same type |
| Rust | A new substance formed when iron reacts with water and oxygen; an example of chemical change |
| Signs of chemical change | Gas and odor and color change and temperature change and light and precipitate (Goofy Old Cats Tell Lame Puns) |
| Precipitate | A solid formed from a chemical change; like the buildup around a sink drain |
| Fireworks | Solid chemicals burn and turn into gas but the total weight stays the same |
| Chemistry | The science of what matter is made of and how matter changes |
| Atom | A small particle of chemical matter; from the Greek word atomos meaning not to cut |
| Democritus | Ancient Greek called the Father of the Atom; came up with the idea of atoms with his teacher Leucippus |
| John Dalton | English schoolteacher who explained the atomic theory in 1808 using evidence from chemical reactions |
| Atomic theory | Matter is made of atoms; some atoms are alike and some are different; atoms join to make different matter |
| Element | A substance made of a single type of atom; like gold or neon |
| Number of elements | Scientists know of 118 kinds of atoms; about 94 are found naturally on Earth |
| Bond | A connection that holds atoms together |
| Molecule | A substance made of one or more kinds of atoms joined together by chemical bonds |
| Water molecule | 2 hydrogen atoms bonded to 1 oxygen atom (H2O) |
| Carbon dioxide molecule | 1 carbon atom bonded to 2 oxygen atoms (CO2); the gas we breathe out |
| Hydrogen | The most common element in the universe; found in stars and the sun and Jupiter |
| Molecules in food | Proteins and carbohydrates and fats are large molecules that give our bodies energy and the materials they need |
Created by:
PRO Teacher
Edwards20106