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Chapter 2

TermDefinition
salinity the total amount of dissolved salts in a water sample.
sonar a system that uses reflected sound waves to locate and determine the distance to objects under the water.
seamount a steep-sided volcanic mountain rising from the deep-ocean floor.
trench a deep, steep-sided canyon in the ocean floor.
continental slope a steep incline of the ocean floor leading down from the edge of the continental shelf.
continental shelf a gently sloping, shallow area of the ocean floor that extends outward from the edge of the continent.
abyssal plain a smooth, nearly flat region of the deep ocean floor.
mid-ocean ridge an undersea mountain chain where new ocean floor is produced; a divergent plate boundary under the ocean.
wave the movement of energy through a body of water.
wavelength the distance between two corresponding parts of a wave, such as the distance between two crests..
frequency the number of complete waves that pass a given point in a certain amount of time.
wave height the vertical distance from the crest of a wave to the trough.
tsunami a giant wave usually caused by an earthquake beneath the ocean floor.
longshore drift the movement of water and sediment down a beach caused by waves coming in to shore at an angle.
rip current a strong, narrow current that flows briefly from the shore back toward the ocean through a narrow opening.
groin a wall made of rocks or concrete that is built outward from a beach to reduce erosion.
current a large stream of moving water that flows through the oceans.
Coriolis effect the effect of Earth's rotation on the direction of winds and currents.
climate the average annual conditions of temperature, precipitation, winds and clouds in the area.
El Nino an abnormal climate event that occurs every two to seven years in the Pacific Ocean, causing changes in winds, currents, and weather patterns for one to two years.
La Nina a climate event in the eastern Pacific Ocean in which surface waters are colder than normal.
Created by: user-1975254
 

 



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