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Unitt 2 Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cell | In biology, the smallest unit that can perform all life processes. |
| Organism | A living thing |
| Cell Membrane | A phospholipid layer that covers a cells surface and acts as a between the inside of a cell and the enviorment |
| Cytoplasm | The region of a cell within the membrane |
| Organelle | One of the small bodies in a cells cytoplasm that are specialized to preform a specific function. |
| Nucleaus | In a eukaryotic cell , a membrane bound organelle that contains a cells DNA. |
| Prokaryote | A single celled organism that does not have a nucleus or membrane bound organelles |
| eukaryote | An organism made up of cells that have a nucleus enclosed by a membrane. |
| Atom | The smallest unit of a element that maintains the properities of that element |
| Molecule | A group of atoms that are held together by chemical bonds |
| lipid | A fat molecule or a molecule that has similar properities |
| Protein | A molecule that is made up of amino acids and that is needed to build and repair body structure |
| Carbohydrate | A class of molecules that includes sugars, starches, and fiber |
| Nucleic Acids | A molecule made up of nucleotide subunits that carries information in cells |
| Phospholipid | A lipid that contains phosphorus and that is a structural component in the cell membrane |
| Cytoskeleton | The cytoplasmic network of protein flaments that plays an essential role in cell movement |
| MItochondrion | In eukaryotic cells, the organelle that is the site of a cellular respiration |
| Ribosome | A cell organelle composed of RNA and protein |
| endoplasmic reticulum | A system of membranes that is found in a cells cytoplasm |
| Golgi Complex | A cell organelle that helps make and package materials to be transported out of the cell |
| Cell wall | A rigid complex that surrounds the cells membrane. |
| Vacuole | A fluid filled vesicle found in the cytoplasm of plant cells or protozoans |
| Chloroplast | An organelle found in plant and algae cells. |
| lysosome | A cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes |
| Organism | A living thing |
| Tissue | A group of similar cells that preform a common function |
| Organ | A collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body |
| Organ system | A group of organs that work together to provide body functions |
| Structure | The arrangement of parts in an organism |
| Function | The special normal or proper activity of an organ or part. |
| Homeostasis | The maintenance of a constant internal state in a changing environment |
| Photosynthesis | The process by which some plants animals algae and even bacteria use sunlight carbon dioxide and water to make food |
| cellular respiration | The process by which cells use oxygen to produce energy |
| Mitosis | In a eukaryotic cells a process of cell division that forms two new nuclei. |
| Passive transport | The movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy by cell. |
| Diffusion | The movement of particles from regions of higher concentration |
| osmosis | The diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane |
| Active transport | The movement of chemical substances |
| endocytosis | The process by which a cell membrane surrounds a particle and encloses the particle in a vesicle to bring the particle into the cell |
| exocytosis | The process in which a cell releases a particle by enclosing the particle in a vesicale |
| Species | A group of organisms that are closely related and can mate to produce fertile |
| genus | The level of classification that comes after family and that contains similar species. |
| Domain | In a taxanomic system one of the three broad groups that all living things fall into |
| Bacteria | A domain made up of prokaryotes that usually have a cell wall. |
| Archaea | A domain made up of prokaryotes most of which are known to live in extreme enviroments |
| Eukarya | In a modern taxanomic system a domain made up of all eukaryotes |
| Protista | A kingdom of mostly one celled eukaryote |
| Fungi | A kingdom made up of non green eukaryotic organisms. |
| Plantae | A kingdom made up of complex multicelluar organisms. |
| Animalia | A kingdom made up of complex multicelluar organisms that lack cell walls. |
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Lucasghita