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Human Body Systems
Body Systems Vocabulary
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Respiration | the act or process of breathing |
| Diaphragm | a sheet of skeletal muscle that pushes against the lungs as we inhale and relaxes to allow the lungs to expand when we exhale |
| Nasal Cavity | where air is moistened, warmed, and filtered as it enters the body |
| Lungs | the main organ of the respiratory system; carries out the exchange of gasses as we breathe |
| Brain | the main organ of the nervous system; a soft, spongy mass of nerve cells |
| Brainstem | connects the brain to the spinal cord; controls hunger, thirst and breathing |
| Nerves | bundles of fibers that carry information between your brain and the rest of your body |
| Heart | the main organ, or 'pump' of the circulatory system |
| Artery | carries oxygen and nutrients AWAY from the heart to the body |
| Capillaries | the smallest, most delicate blood vessels in your circulatory system |
| Vein | carries carbon dioxide and waste TO the heart |
| Stomach | stores food, grinds and mixes it into a liquid; stomach acid kills bacteria |
| Esophagus | a long tube that connects the throat to the stomach |
| Mouth | the beginning of the digestive tract; digestion starts with the first bite |
| Smooth Muscle | weakest of all muscle tissue found in organs and performs unique functions like grinding, churning or moving |
| Cardiac Muscle | forms the wall of the heart and controls your heartbeat |
| Voluntary Movement | controlled consciously by a person |
| Involuntary Movement | controlled by the unconscious part of the brain |
| Ligaments | attach bone to bone |
| Tendons | attach muscle to bone |
| Joints | holds the skeleton together and supports movement |
| Skeletal Body System | supports and protects the body; the bones |
| Muscular Body System | pushes and pulls on bones to move them, contracting (shorten) and extending (straighten out); the muscles (cardiac, smooth, skeletal) |
| Respiratory Body System | takes air into (oxygen) and out of (carbon dioxide) the body; the lungs, trachea & diaphragm |
| Circulatory Body System | transports blood throughout the body, carries oxygen and nutrients to cells; the heart, veins (carry blood TO the heart), arteries (carry blood AWAY from heart) |
| Digestive Body System | breaks food down into simple substances, absorbs nutrients from food, gets ride of waste; the mouth, esophagus, stomach & intestines |
| Nervous Body System | controls body functions, controls all other systems of the body; the brain, spinal cord & nerves |
| Skin | largest organ in the human body; body's first defense against germs & is flexible |
| Food | must store energy and be able to be digested by humans; provide nutrients |
| Noncommunicable Diseases | cannot be transferred from one human to another; heart disease, diabetes, asthma |
| Communicable Diseases | can be transferred from one human to another; flu, strep throat, covid |
| Taste buds | classify tastes into 4 categories; sweet, sour, salty & bitter |
Created by:
PRO Teacher
Kmsteffes