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savannah
cells
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| cel | The basic structural and functional unit of all living things. |
| organism | ny individual living thing. |
| cell membrane | The flexible, semipermeable barrier surrounding a cell that controls what enters and exits |
| cytoplasm | The gel-like fluid inside a cell that surrounds the organelles |
| organelle | A specialized structure within a cell that performs a specific function |
| nucleus | The membrane-bound control center of a eukaryotic cell that contains its DNA. |
| prokaryote | A single-celled organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles |
| eukaryote | An organism whose cells contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles |
| atom | The basic unit of a chemical element. |
| molecule | A group of two or more atoms bonded chemically together. |
| lipid | A biological molecule that is insoluble in water, used for energy storage and cell membranes |
| protein | A molecule made of amino acids essential for cell structure, function, and regulation |
| carbohydrate | An organic molecule made of sugars that provides quick energy to living things. |
| nucleic acid | A macromolecule (like DNA or RNA) that stores and transmits genetic information |
| phospholipid | A type of lipid with a hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail, forming the basis of cell membranes |
| cytoskeleton | A network of protein fibers that gives a cell its shape and aids in movement |
| mitochondrion | The powerhouses of the cell that convert food energy into usable ATP. |
| ribosome | A tiny cellular structure responsible for manufacturing proteins. |
| endoplasmic reticulum | A network of membranes involved in processing proteins and synthesizing lipids. |
| Golgi complex | A stack of membranes that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for transport. |
| cell wall | A rigid outer layer found in plants, fungi, and bacteria that provides support and protection. |
| vacuole | A fluid-filled storage compartment within a cell, typically large in plants. |
| chloroplast | An organelle in plant cells that captures sunlight to conduct photosynthesis. |
| lysosome | An organelle containing digestive enzymes that breaks down waste and old cell parts. |
| organism | An individual living entity |
| tissue | A group of similar cells working together to perform a specific function |
| organ | A body structure composed of multiple tissues grouped together to perform a complex task |
| organ system | A group of organs cooperating to carry out overarching body functions. |
| structure | The physical arrangement or shape of an organism or its parts. |
| function | The specific job or purpose that a structure performs |
| homeostasis | The process by which an organism maintains a stable, balanced internal environment. |
| photosynthesis | The process by which plants convert sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into sugars and oxygen. |
| cellular respiration | The process of breaking down sugar to release chemical energy (ATP) in cells |
| mitosis | A type of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells. |
| passive transport | The movement of materials across a cell membrane without using cellular energy. |
| diffusion | The natural movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to lower concentration |
| osmosis | The diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane |
| active transport | The energy-requiring process of pumping molecules across a membrane against their concentration gradient |
| endocytosis | A process where a cell engulfs external materials by wrapping its membrane around them |
| exocytosis | A process where a cell releases materials to the outside by fusing a vesicle with the membrane |
| species | The most specific group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring. |
| domain | A taxonomic rank grouping closely related species together |
| Bacteria | The highest and broadest rank used to classify living organisms. |
| Archaea | A domain of single-celled, prokaryotic organisms lacking a nucleus |
| Eukarya | A domain of single-celled prokaryotes often found living in extreme environments |
| Protista | The domain that includes all eukaryotic organisms containing cells with nuclei. |
| Fungi | A kingdom of eukaryotic, non-photosynthetic organisms (like mushrooms and molds) that absorb nutrients |
| Plantae | The kingdom consisting of multicellular eukaryotic organisms that make food via photosynthesis. |
| Animalia | The kingdom consisting of multicellular eukaryotic organisms that ingest food and can move |
Created by:
savannah slattengren