Question 1

evaporation

Accepted Answer

Evaporation is the process by which a liquid changes into a gas or vapor, occurring naturally at the surface of the liquid before it reaches its boiling point.

Question 2

transpiration

Accepted Answer

the process by which plants absorb water through their roots and release water vapor into the air,

Question 3

sublimation

Accepted Answer

The process in which a solid 
changes directly into gas.

Question 4

Condensation

Accepted Answer

Condensation and precipitation are the two transitional phases that bring water out of the atmosphere and back down to the Earth's surface.

Question 5

Precipitation

Accepted Answer

Precipitation is any form of water—liquid or solid—that falls from the atmosphere and reaches the ground.

Question 6

weather

Accepted Answer

Weather is the day-to-day state of the atmosphere at a specific time and place.

Question 7

Humidity

Accepted Answer

Humidity is the general measure of the amount of water vapor present in the air.

Question 8

Relative humidity

Accepted Answer

Relative humidity (RH) is the percentage of moisture currently in the air compared to the maximum amount the air could hold at that exact temperature.

Question 9

dew point

Accepted Answer

Dew point is the absolute temperature to which air must be cooled for it to become completely saturated (100% relative humidity), causing water vapor to condense into liquid.

Question 10

Air pressure

Accepted Answer

Air pressure (barometric pressure) is the weight of the atmosphere pressing down on the Earth's surface at any given point.

Question 11

Wind

Accepted Answer

Wind is the horizontal movement of air from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure.

Question 12

Visibility

Accepted Answer

Visibility is the maximum distance at which an observer can clearly see and identify prominent objects with the naked eye.

Question 13

Air mass

Accepted Answer

An air mass is an immense volume of air—often spanning thousands of square miles and extending miles into the atmosphere—that has a generally uniform temperature and humidity profile throughout.

Question 14

Front

Accepted Answer

A weather front is the transition zone or boundary layer where two distinct air masses with different temperatures, densities, and moisture levels collide.

Question 15

Jet stream

Accepted Answer

A jet stream is a fast-flowing, narrow band of wind blowing from west to east high up in the Earth's atmosphere.

Question 16

Thunderstorm

Accepted Answer

A thunderstorm is a localized atmospheric storm characterized by the presence of lightning and its resulting acoustic effect, thunder.

Question 17

Lightning

Accepted Answer

Lightning is a giant spark of static electricity that discharges either within a cloud, between clouds, or between a cloud and the ground.

Question 18

Thunder

Accepted Answer

Thunder is the acoustic shockwave caused by the rapid expansion and heating of air surrounding a lightning bolt.

Question 19

Hurricane

Accepted Answer

A hurricane (or tropical cyclone) is a massive, rotating low-pressure storm system that forms over warm tropical waters and packs sustained winds of at least 74 mph.

Question 20

Storm Surge

Accepted Answer

Storm surge is an abnormal, rapid rise of water generated by a storm over and above the predicted astronomical tide.

Question 21

Tornado

Accepted Answer

A tornado is a violently rotating column of air that extends from the base of a thunderstorm completely down to contact the ground.

Question 22

Sinkhole

Accepted Answer

A sinkhole is a depression or hole in the ground caused by the collapse of the surface layer.

Question 23

Wildfire

Accepted Answer

A muck fire is a subsurface fire that burns underground in rich, decomposed organic material, such as peat or thick dried muck.

Question 24

Muck Fire

Accepted Answer

The Hazard: Because they burn underground without oxygen, they produce no open flames but create massive amounts of thick, acrid, choking smoke.

Question 25

Climate

Accepted Answer

Climate is the long-term pattern and average of weather conditions in a specific region or across the entire planet, typically calculated over a standard period of 30 years.

Question 26

latitude

Accepted Answer

Latitude is the geographic distance north or south of the Earth's equator, measured in degrees.

Question 27

topography

Accepted Answer

Topography is the physical arrangement and shape of landforms, such as mountain ranges, valleys, and plains.

Term	Definition
water cycle
evaporation	Evaporation is the process by which a liquid changes into a gas or vapor, occurring naturally at the surface of the liquid before it reaches its boiling point.
transpiration	the process by which plants absorb water through their roots and release water vapor into the air,
sublimation	The process in which a solid changes directly into gas.
Condensation	Condensation and precipitation are the two transitional phases that bring water out of the atmosphere and back down to the Earth's surface.
Precipitation	Precipitation is any form of water—liquid or solid—that falls from the atmosphere and reaches the ground.
weather	Weather is the day-to-day state of the atmosphere at a specific time and place.
Humidity	Humidity is the general measure of the amount of water vapor present in the air.
Relative humidity	Relative humidity (RH) is the percentage of moisture currently in the air compared to the maximum amount the air could hold at that exact temperature.
dew point	Dew point is the absolute temperature to which air must be cooled for it to become completely saturated (100% relative humidity), causing water vapor to condense into liquid.
Air pressure	Air pressure (barometric pressure) is the weight of the atmosphere pressing down on the Earth's surface at any given point.
Wind	Wind is the horizontal movement of air from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure.
Visibility	Visibility is the maximum distance at which an observer can clearly see and identify prominent objects with the naked eye.
Air mass	An air mass is an immense volume of air—often spanning thousands of square miles and extending miles into the atmosphere—that has a generally uniform temperature and humidity profile throughout.
Front	A weather front is the transition zone or boundary layer where two distinct air masses with different temperatures, densities, and moisture levels collide.
Jet stream	A jet stream is a fast-flowing, narrow band of wind blowing from west to east high up in the Earth's atmosphere.
Thunderstorm	A thunderstorm is a localized atmospheric storm characterized by the presence of lightning and its resulting acoustic effect, thunder.
Lightning	Lightning is a giant spark of static electricity that discharges either within a cloud, between clouds, or between a cloud and the ground.
Thunder	Thunder is the acoustic shockwave caused by the rapid expansion and heating of air surrounding a lightning bolt.
Hurricane	A hurricane (or tropical cyclone) is a massive, rotating low-pressure storm system that forms over warm tropical waters and packs sustained winds of at least 74 mph.
Storm Surge	Storm surge is an abnormal, rapid rise of water generated by a storm over and above the predicted astronomical tide.
Tornado	A tornado is a violently rotating column of air that extends from the base of a thunderstorm completely down to contact the ground.
Sinkhole	A sinkhole is a depression or hole in the ground caused by the collapse of the surface layer.
Wildfire	A muck fire is a subsurface fire that burns underground in rich, decomposed organic material, such as peat or thick dried muck.
Muck Fire	The Hazard: Because they burn underground without oxygen, they produce no open flames but create massive amounts of thick, acrid, choking smoke.
Climate	Climate is the long-term pattern and average of weather conditions in a specific region or across the entire planet, typically calculated over a standard period of 30 years.
latitude	Latitude is the geographic distance north or south of the Earth's equator, measured in degrees.
topography	Topography is the physical arrangement and shape of landforms, such as mountain ranges, valleys, and plains.

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