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weather & climate
unit 11
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| water cycle | the path that all water follows as it moves around Earth |
| evaporation | when a liquid turns into a gas |
| transpiration | the process of water movement through a plant and its evaporation from aerial parts, such as leaves, stems and flowers. |
| sublimation | a type of phase transition, or a change of a state of matter from a solid into a gas, without ever passing through the liquid state. |
| condensation | a type of phase transition, or a change of a state of matter from a solid into a gas, without ever passing through the liquid state. |
| precipitation | water released from clouds in the form of rain, freezing rain, sleet, snow, or hail. |
| weather | the state of the atmosphere at a particular time, as defined by the various meteorological elements, including temperature, precipitation, atmospheric pressure, wind and humidity. |
| humidity | a measure of water vapor in the air |
| relative humidity | a measure of the actual amount of water vapor in the air compared to the total amount of vapor that can exist in the air at its current temperature. |
| dew point | It tells you how much moisture is in the air. |
| air pressure | The weight of the air in the atmosphere |
| wind | the movement of air, caused by the uneven heating of the Earth by the sun and the Earth's own rotation |
| visibility | a measure of the distance at which an object or light can be clearly discerned |
| air mass | a large volume of air that has nearly uniform temperature and moisture (humidity) throughout. |
| front | he transition zone or boundary separating two distinct air masses of different densities, temperatures, and humidity levels |
| jet stream | a fast-flowing, narrow band of strong winds in the upper atmosphere that circles the globe. |
| thunderstorm | a local weather disturbance that produces lightning, thunder, heavy rain or hail, and gusty winds inside a cumulonimbus cloud |
| lightning | a giant, near-instantaneous discharge of atmospheric electricity that happens when opposite electrical charges build up within a thunderstorm cloud or between a cloud and the ground. |
| thunder | sound wave created when a lightning bolt superheats the surrounding air. |
| hurricane | a scientific type of tropical cyclone |
| storm surge | an abnormal rise in seawater level during a storm, measured as the height of the water above the normal predicted astronomical tide |
| tornado | a rapidly rotating column of air that extends from a thunderstorm base to the Earth's surface. |
| sinkhole | a depression or hole in the ground with no natural surface drainage |
| wildfire | an unplanned, uncontrolled, and unpredictable fire burning in combustible vegetation across wildlands, forests, grasslands, or the wildland-urban interface (WUI). |
| muck fire | a form of smoldering combustion that burns underground through thick layers of ancient, dried organic soil (muck and peat) rather than flaming on the surface. |
| climate | the study of Earth's long-term atmospheric patterns, climate systems, and environmental changes. |
| latitude | the angular distance of a point north or south of the Equator |
| topography | the scientific study and mapping of the forms, features, and surface shape of land and planetary bodies. |
| elevation | the measured height of a point on the Earth's surface above or below a fixed reference point |
| surface currents | continuous, directed movements of seawater in the upper layer of the ocean |
Created by:
Reese mackey-darden