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Org of the body

week 1

TermDefinition
Human Anatomy the scientific study of the body’s structures.
Gross Anatomy the study of the larger structures of the body, those visible without the aid of magnification.
Macro means "large"
Micro means "small"
Cytology the study of cells
Histology the study of tissues
Regional Anatomy the study of the interrelationships of all of the structures in a specific body region.
Systemic Anatomy is the study of the structures that make up a discrete body system; that is, a group of structures that work together to perform a unique body function.
Human Physiology the scientific study of the chemistry and physics of the structures of the body and the ways in which they work together to support the functions of life.
homeostasis the state of steady internal conditions maintained by living things.
neurophysiology the study of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves and how these work together to perform functions as complex and diverse as vision, movement, and thinking.
Cell the smallest independently functioning unit of a living organism.
Elements the unique pure substances that make up matter.
Atom the smallest component of an element, characterized by a sharing of the chemical properties of the element and a nucleus with neutrons, protons and electrons
Molecule a group of atoms bonded together, representing the smallest fundamental unit of a chemical compound that can take part in a chemical reaction.
cytoplasm the material or protoplasm within a living cell, excluding the nucleus.
organelles subcellular structure that has one or more specific jobs to perform in the cell.
tissue a group of many similar cells (though sometimes composed of a few related types) that work together to perform a specific function.
organ an anatomically distinct structure of the body composed of two or more tissue types.
organ system a group of organs that work together to perform major functions or meet physiological needs of the body.
Organism a living being that has a cellular structure and that can independently perform all physiologic functions necessary for life.
blood vessels tubular structure carrying blood through the tissues and organs; a vein, artery, or capillary.
integumentary system largest organ system; includes the skin, hair, and nails.
skeletal system supports the body and enables movement; includes cartilage, bones, and joints.
muscular system enables movements and helps maintain body temperature; includes skeletal muscles and tendons
nervous system detects and processes sensory information and activates bodily responses; includes the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves.
endocrine system secretes hormones and regulates bodily processes; includes the pituitary gland, thyroid gland, pancreas, adrenal glands, and testes or ovaries
cardiovascular system delivers oxygen and nutrients to tissues and equalizes temperature in the body; includes the heart and blood vessels.
lymphatic system returns fluid to the blood and defends against pathogens; includes the thymus, lymph nodes, spleen, and lymphatic vessels.
respiratory system removes carbon dioxide from the body and delivers oxygen to the blood; includes the trachea, lungs, and nasal passage.
digestive system processes food for use by the body and removes wastes from undigested food; includes the stomach, liver, gall bladder, large intestine, and small intestine.
urinary system controls water balance in the body and removes wastes from the blood and excretes them; includes kidneys and urinary bladder.
male reproductive system produces sex hormones and gametes and delivers gametes to female; includes epididymis and testes.
female reproductive system produces sex hormones, supports embryo/fetus until birth, and produces milk for infant; includes mammary glands, ovaries, and uterus
Created by: user-2017583
 

 



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