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A&P Ch.2-3 Test pt.2

Short answers questions

QuestionAnswer
Cell Theory (3 parts) 1. Cells are the basic unit of life. 2. All organisms are made up of one or more cells. 3. All cells come from preexisting cells.
What is Osmosis? The diffusion of water
Solutions in Osmosis Hypertonic: Cells shrivel, more salt and less water. Hypotonic: Cells swell: more water and less salt. Isotonic: Equal amount of both.
How does glut4 relate to diabetes? Glut4 is a protein on the cell membrane that lets glucose and insulin in and out of the cell. When glut4 malfunctions, glucose stays in the bloodstream and insulin can't enter the cell to maintain stable blood sugar.
Similarities between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells. Both have DNA and Ribosomes
Difference between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells. Prokaryotic: No nucleus, no membrane-bound organelles, unicellular, DNA found in cytoplasm, Ex. Bacteria. Eukaryotic: Have a nucleus, have membrane-bound organelles, multicellular, DNA found in nucleus. Ex. Plants, Animals, Fungi.
First stage of Mitosis (with description) Prophase- chromosomes condense, nuclear envelope breaks down, spindle forms.
Second stage of Mitosis (with description) Metaphase- chromosomes align at the equator
Third stage of Mitosis (with description) Anaphase- sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles.
Fourth stage of Mitosis (with description) Telophase- nuclear envelope reforms, cytoplasm divides
Tay-Sachs disease structure single membraned
Tay-Sachs disease organelle function Lysosomes break down cellular waste and fatty substances.
Tay-Sachs disease organelle malfunction The lysosomes cannot break down waste causing build up and damage cells.
How does the structure relate to Tay-Sachs. The single membrane helps keep its digestive enzymes inside to break down the waste. In Tay-Sachs, the lysosome is missing an enzyme located inside.
Created by: eoehmke
 

 



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