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Q3 and Q4 History
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ===== Q3: MIDDLE KINGDOM & TRIBUTE SYSTEM ===== | ===== Q3: MIDDLE KINGDOM & TRIBUTE SYSTEM ===== |
| What belief was behind the “Middle Kingdom”? | Ethnocentrism — China viewed itself as the superior civilization. |
| How did the tribute system show Chinese superiority? | Foreigners brought tribute and performed the kowtow for gifts and prestige. |
| What challenged China's claimed superiority? | Nomadic raids; China even gave “gifts” to Xiongnu and Turkic nomads. |
| Q3 WOW analysis? | China claimed superiority, but its dealings with powerful nomads showed the limits of its actual control. |
| ===== Q4: GRAND CANAL & UNIFICATION ===== | ===== Q4: GRAND CANAL & UNIFICATION ===== |
| Which dynasty began the Grand Canal system? | Sui Dynasty, 589–618. |
| What economic trends should I remember? | Economic boom, population growth, urbanization, and Hangzhou. |
| What is the Grand Canal memory chain? | Canal → transportation → trade → regional connection → unification. |
| Q4 WOW analysis? | The Grand Canal turned political unification into economic and geographic integration. |