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distribution 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Why is a one-size-fits-all approach to logistics unsuitable for a company? | Customers have different service and cost needs |
| What are the four ways supply chains may be segmented? | Product segmentation, demand and supply segmentation, marketing segmentation, and combined segmentation frameworks |
| What product details can be used as a basis for supply chain segmentation? | Product characteristics |
| How can product size or order size affect delivery choices? | It can determine whether pallet delivery, a parcel carrier, or post is most suitable |
| What type of products may need a separate delivery network because they require two people to unload? | Bulky products |
| Why may a company create a separate network for bulky products? | It can be more cost-effective than using two people on every delivery |
| Which products may need specialist storage, handling, and transport facilities because they are suitable for bulk handling? | Liquids, powders, and granules |
| What type of goods may need a separate supply chain so safety measures can be followed? | Hazardous goods |
| What risk occurs when a product can affect other goods even though it is not hazardous? | Contamination |
| What goods may need extra security because they are targets for opportunistic or planned theft? | Pilferable goods |
| What type of vehicle may be used to provide extra security for banknote and bullion deliveries? | Armoured vehicle |
| How can a product’s value affect inventory decisions in a supply chain? | Low-value goods may be held in multiple locations; high-value goods may be centralized to reduce safety stock |
| Where may high-throughput, low-value-density products be held? | At multiple locations close to customers |
| Where may low-throughput, high-value-density products be held? | At a single global distribution center and air-freighted |
| What product example represents high throughput and low value density? | Photocopy paper |
| What product example represents low throughput and high value density? | Electronic parts |
| What type of goods have steady demand and usually need a cost-efficient supply chain? | Functional goods |
| What type of products have unpredictable demand and need a more responsive supply chain? | Innovative products |
| Which supply chain approach is associated with predictable demand? | Lean supply chain |
| Which supply chain approach is associated with unpredictable demand? | Agile supply chain |
| What is supplier lead time? | The time from placing an order with a supplier to physically receiving the goods |
| What can a company do when supplier lead times are long and predictable? | Plan sourcing, production, storage, and movement in advance |
| What policies suit short lead times and help minimize inventory and waste? | Quick response and continuous replenishment |
| What can agile policies do when demand is unpredictable and supplier lead times are short? | Flex supply to meet rapidly changing market demand while keeping inventories low |
| What risk can long supplier lead times create when demand is unpredictable? | An oversupply or undersupply of goods |
| What approach configures goods to the customer’s actual specifications, such as personal computers? | Production postponement |
| What approach combines lean and agile elements and may require high safety stocks? | Leagile supply chain |
| In a leagile approach, what products are suited to lean methods? | Fast-moving goods |
| In a leagile approach, what products are suited to agile methods? | Slow-moving goods |
| What marketing classification groups customers by continent, country, region, or urban and rural location? | Geographic segmentation |
| What marketing classification groups people by age, gender, income, home or car ownership, employment, or ethnic origin? | Demographic segmentation |
| What marketing classification groups consumers by interests, activities, opinions, and lifestyle? | Psychographic segmentation |
| What marketing classification focuses on how consumers behave, such as purchase frequency and brand loyalty? | Behavioristic segmentation |
| What marketing classification groups industrial customers by turnover, employee numbers, and industry sector? | Firmographic segmentation |
| What customer segment seeks a close working relationship where both parties may benefit, often for mature products with predictable demand? | Collaborative segment |
| What supply chain design often suits collaborative customers and predictable demand? | Continuous replenishment |
| What customer segment treats price as the order-winning criterion and suits a minimum-cost supply chain? | Efficient segment |
| What supply chain approach suits the efficient segment? | Lean supply chain |
| What customer segment needs a rapid response to cope with unpredictable supply and demand? | Demanding segment |
| What supply chain approach suits the demanding segment? | Agile supply chain |
| What customer segment continually seeks developments and ideas from suppliers? | Innovative segment |
| What combined segmentation factor refers to the length and stage of a product’s life cycle? | Duration |
| What combined segmentation factor refers to the required delivery time or delivery lead time? | Window |
| What combined segmentation factor classifies products by whether they are fast-moving or slow-moving? | Volume |
| What combined segmentation factor refers to the product range and number of individual SKUs, such as colors, forms, and sizes? | Variety |
| What combined segmentation factor refers to demand variability and unpredictability? | Variability |
| What is the first step in developing a supply chain strategy? | Define behavioral segments for end consumers by category |
| What is the second step in developing a supply chain strategy? | Determine where each end-consumer segment is likely to make a purchase |
| What is the third step in developing a supply chain strategy? | Decide the order-winning criteria for each retailer type, considering the consumers it serves |
| What is the fourth step in developing a supply chain strategy? | Identify the value proposition for each retailer type |
| What is the fifth step in developing a supply chain strategy? | Define which products and price points suit each retailer type |
| What is the sixth step in developing a supply chain strategy? | Describe the demand attributes of each product, such as predictability and growth trends |
| What is the seventh step in developing a supply chain strategy? | Define the product’s demand pattern for that retailer, such as seasonal or erratic |
| What is the eighth step in developing a supply chain strategy? | Choose a supply chain type that suits the demand pattern |
| What is the ninth step in developing a supply chain strategy? | Configure the supply chain accordingly |
| What should guide the choice of a segmentation framework? | Its relevance to the product, supply, demand, and buying characteristics |
| What is the objective when designing segmented supply chains? | Create a manageable number of cost-effective networks that meet different market demands |
| What may a lean supply chain use to lower sourcing costs? | Offshore sourcing from a distant, low-cost supplier |
| What methods may a lean supply chain use to serve predictable demand at relatively low cost? | Cross-docking through warehouses and sea freight |
| What may an agile supply chain use to respond quickly to customers? | Local suppliers, local depots with small buffer stocks, and road freight |
| Why may an agile supply chain use road freight? | It is relatively fast and flexible |
| Which company departments should be involved in designing segmented supply chains? | Marketing, manufacturing, procurement, and logistics |
Created by:
lykieee