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Distribution Man
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What does dividing products or customers into groups with different logistics needs mean? | Supply chain segmentation |
| What are the four ways to group supply chains covered in the reviewer: by product, demand and supply, marketing, or a combined framework? | Segmentation approaches |
| What are product details such as size, temperature, bulk, contamination risk, pilferability, hazard, and value that affect logistics? | Product characteristics for logistics segmentation |
| What distribution setup uses several centers for faster local delivery of high-throughput, low-value-density goods such as photocopy paper? | Multiple distribution centers |
| What distribution setup suits low-throughput, high-value-density products such as electronic components? | Centralized distribution center and air freight |
| What goods have steady, predictable demand and suit a cost-efficient supply chain? | Functional goods |
| What products have unpredictable demand and need a flexible, responsive supply chain? | Innovative products |
| What supply chain approach plans sourcing, production, storage, and movement in advance when lead times are long? | Advance planning |
| What supply chain approach uses quick response and continuous replenishment when lead times are short? | Quick response and continuous replenishment |
| What does configuring or finishing a product after the customer’s specifications are known mean? | Production postponement |
| What approach combines cost-efficient operations with flexibility and responsiveness? | Leagile supply chain |
| What are the marketing bases of location, population traits, lifestyle, and company characteristics? | Geographic, demographic, psychographic, and firmographic segmentation |
| What segment is built around long-term partnerships, shared information, and predictable products? | Collaborative segment |
| What segment focuses on low prices, cost reduction, and high-volume operations? | Efficient segment |
| What segment needs fast responses to unpredictable demand and may use buffer stock? | Demanding segment |
| What segment focuses on product development and customization for high-value, fast-changing products? | Innovative segment |
| What are the five variables used in the combined segmentation framework? | Duration, window, volume, variety, and variability |
| What is the nine-step process that defines consumer segments, retailer types, winning criteria, value, product and price, demand attributes and patterns, supply chain type, and configuration? | Supply chain strategy steps |
| What principle says a segmentation framework should fit the product, supply, demand, and buying characteristics? | Framework relevance |
| What is moving products from where they are made to the final customer? | Physical distribution |
| What mark in a channel diagram shows where a product is physically transferred between channel members? | Transfer point |
| What route has the manufacturer delivering directly to a retail store? | Manufacturer-to-retail direct delivery |
| What channel has the manufacturer storing goods in its own warehouse or distribution center and managing the logistics resources? | Manufacturer’s own distribution operation |
| What distribution center receives products before they are sent to retail stores and may be run by the retailer or a contractor? | Retailer distribution center |
| What business buys products in bulk from manufacturers and supplies retail stores? | Wholesaler |
| What setup has small retailers buying products from a wholesale store and collecting them themselves? | Cash-and-carry wholesaling |
| What provider handles logistics activities such as transportation, warehousing, and distribution for another company? | Third-party distribution service |
| What carrier specializes in small packages and may provide fast or next-day delivery? | Small-parcel carrier |
| What intermediary mainly helps market and sell products between manufacturers and retailers? | Broker |
| What route has the manufacturer delivering to outlets or customers while bypassing intermediaries? | Direct delivery |
| What method has customers ordering through a catalog and receiving products at home by post or parcel carrier? | Mail order |
| What method sells and delivers products from the factory straight to the customer? | Factory direct to home |
| What includes online orders delivered to consumers or shipments of products between businesses? | Internet shopping and B2B delivery |
| What is the route a product follows from manufacturer to final customer, including intermediaries, channel levels, storage points, and distribution intensity? | Channel structure |
| What channel has few or no intermediaries between manufacturer and customer? | Short channel |
| What channel has several intermediaries between manufacturer and customer? | Long channel |
| What setup has a company selling directly to some customers and using intermediaries for others? | Hybrid channel |
| What is the goal of making a product available where its intended consumers shop? | Product availability |
| What means making a product easy to see and access, with displays or demonstrations that help attract buyers? | Improving the prospect of a sale |
| What distribution details may suppliers and receivers need to coordinate, such as order sizes, handling, delivery access, and timing? | Distribution coordination factors |
| What formal agreement sets service expectations and is monitored and measured over time? | Service level agreement (SLA) |
| What means assessing distribution expenses according to the product and the service level customers require? | Logistics and total cost evaluation |
| What operational details include sales trends, inventory, damage reports, service levels, costs, and electronic point-of-sale information? | Distribution feedback information |
| What conditions shape channel design, including the market, product, company resources, customer service, cost, and competition? | Channel selection factors |
| What means broad, spread-out markets may need longer channels, while smaller, concentrated markets may use shorter ones? | Market size and location effects |
| What product type may need a shorter, more secure distribution route? | High-value product |
| What is the choice between managing distribution in-house, which gives more control but needs investment, and outsourcing, which reduces facility and staffing needs? | Internal distribution versus outsourcing |
| What customer expectations include delivery speed, availability, order accuracy, reliability, accessibility, and support? | Customer service requirements |
| What means balancing operating and handling costs, information needs, competitor service, and required service levels when choosing a route? | Channel selection |
| What means using an outside provider to reduce costs, gain logistics expertise, and focus on the company’s main business? | Outsourcing logistics |
| What logistics tasks can be outsourced, including transportation, warehousing, freight forwarding, customs, packaging, cross-docking, order fulfillment, and reverse logistics? | Common third-party logistics services |
| What provider performs selected logistics activities such as transportation, warehousing, or order fulfillment? | Third-party logistics provider (3PL) |
| What provider coordinates a broader logistics network, which may include several 3PLs, technology, and supply chain activities? | Fourth-party logistics provider (4PL) |
| What measures are used to assess a provider, including reliability, service, cost, scalability, technology, coverage, sustainability, and fuel efficiency? | Third-party provider evaluation criteria |
| What includes clear roles, shared information, performance measures, service agreements, and improvement plans, while balancing availability, service, control, flexibility, and cost? | Strong outsourcing partnership and channel balance |
| What grouping is based on location, such as a country or region, and can affect transport routes and where inventory is stored? | Geographic segmentation |
| What grouping is based on population traits such as age, income, or employment, and can affect batch sizes, packaging, and stock volume? | Demographic segmentation |
| What grouping is based on interests, activities, and lifestyle, and can affect expected delivery speed? | Psychographic segmentation |
| What way of grouping business customers uses company details such as revenue, employees, and industry, which can affect contract size and fulfillment? | Firmographic segmentation |
| What delivery approach supplies products as needed to reduce inventory and waste? | Just-in-time replenishment |
| What supply chain combines lean and agile methods and may need high safety stock in some industries? | Leagile supply chain |
| What direct-to-store route uses the manufacturer’s vehicles and is usually used for full vehicle loads, so it is less common? | Manufacturer direct to retail store |
| What retailer distribution center channel became more important as large retail chains grew? | Manufacturer via retailer’s distribution center |
| What wholesaler channel has the wholesaler buying in bulk for better prices and using its own distribution centers and vehicles? | Manufacturer to wholesaler to retail store |
| What outsourced logistics service may be general or specialize in certain products, and can help companies manage rising costs and stricter regulations? | Third-party distribution service |
| What route is often used for online sales, industrial products, high-value products, or products that need explanation? | Short channel |
| What route is often used for consumer products that need to be distributed widely? | Long channel |
| What means making a product available in the right marketplace and buying environment for its target customers? | Channel availability objective |
| What sales goal may be shared by sales and logistics teams and involve product placement, displays, and retailer support? | Enhancing the prospect of sales |
| What questions involve whether the delivery team arranges merchandise, sets up displays, or provides installation, demonstrations, explanations, or promotions? | Sales support requirements |
| What service standard do customers use to compare suppliers, which may affect later buying decisions? | Service level performance |
| What expenses can include transportation, warehousing, inventory, and handling, with longer channels possibly adding intermediary margins? | Distribution costs |
| What information is needed for efficient distribution, including sales, inventory, damaged products, delivery performance, costs, and customer demand? | Distribution information requirements |
| What product features may require direct selling, customer assistance, fast delivery, special handling, or flexible distribution? | Product channel requirements |
| What is a company’s ability to operate its own warehouses, vehicles, and delivery system, depending on its size, finances, and capabilities? | Company resources |
| What competitor factors can shape customer expectations, including availability, price, delivery speed, convenience, and service? | Competitive distribution conditions |
| What is the choice of how logistics work is handled, considering market, product, resources, costs, information, and customer service needs? | Choosing the right distribution channel |
Created by:
lykieee