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U3, period 4, Ch. 8

QuestionAnswer
Republicanism government should reflect the will of ordinary citizens (especially independent farmers)
What did Jefferson emphasize during his presidency? -Fed gov should have less power and spend less $ -republicanism -individual liberty (citizens have freedom to manage their own lives without unnecessary gov interference) over strong centralized authority
state dinners rather than have a formal reception like Wash. & Adams, Jefferson wanted more casual and equal dinners -used to entertain forgien guests and bring political leaders together -round tables, less formal
ironies in Jefferson's presidency Louisiana purchase (bought land although Constitution didn't say the president could purchase territory) Embargo Act (believed in economic freedom, but he restricted trade) -promoted equality but owned slaves
modifications to government that Jefferson made during his presidency --reduced the size of the fed gov so that the states become the center of american life -
marbury v. madison cause -just before leaving office (1801), Adams made william marbury justice of peace (local judge for minor legal issues) in district of Columbia (washington DC) -secretary of state James Madison refused to deliver the commission that confirmed this
marbury v. madison results -Murbury asked supreme court to force Madison to give him the position (writ of mandamus) -he went straight to the supreme court
marbury v. madison significance -marshall established judicial review (Court can declare laws unconstitutional) -declared the section of the Judiciary act of 1789 that permits a writ of mandamus unconstitutional
writ of mandamus Court order telling a government official to perform a duty they're legally required to perform -marbury v madison case: marbury argues that Madison is legally required to give him the commission
Judiciary Act of 1789 a law passed by congress that set up much of the federal court system under the new Constitution -parts of it allow the Supreme Court to issue a writ of mandamus -allows the supreme court to interfere in cases outside of original jurisdiction
original jurisdiction the ability of the Supreme Court to be the first court to hear a case -only cases involving ambassadors and states fall under og jurisdiction
why did Marshall deem the Judiciary act of 1789 unconstitutional -in article III, the Constitution outlined which kinds of cases the Supreme Court can hear first (marbury v. madison case was not one of them) -congress had tried to give them an extra power that the Constitution didn't give
What was the chief justice's ruling in the marbury v. madison case -chief justice John Marshall says Marbury deserves position but Court can't force Madison -the case isn't under og jurisdiction. Although the Judiciary act of 1789 would allow for a writ of mandamus, it is unconstitutional
 

 



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