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1.3 American Indians
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ice age | A period of extreme cold temperatures when part of the planet's surface was covered with massive ice sheets. |
| hunter-gathers | people who survive by searching for wild plants and animals to eat. |
| indigenous peoples | people who are native to a particular place |
| Beringia | landmass that connected Asia and Alaska |
| artifacts | objects made by humans and used by archaeologists to learn about past human cultures |
| archaeologists | scientists who study evidence left by early people to learn about their culture |
| pictographs | pictures drawn or painted on cave walls, ledges, and cliffs |
| petroglyphs | carvings made in rock |
| mammoths | large slow-moving animal that early American Indians hunted |
| pueblos | large Native American homes made of adobe |
| tipi | cone-shaped tents made of poles covered with animal skins used as swellings by some Native American groups |
| migrate | to move from one place to another |
| pemmican | a mixture of animal fat and berries used by some Native American tribes in order to preserve meat |
| band | two or more extended families that lived together under one leader |
| extended family | families that include parents, their children, and the parents' grandchildren |
| tribe | a number of bands that followed the same leader and shared the same territory and culture |
| matrilineal | decent is traced primarily through the mother |
| adobe | a mix of wet clay and straw that is made into bricks and dried in the sun |
| kiva | a large room used for meetings and religious ceremonies among the Pueblo peoples |
| anthropologist | a scientist who studies human beings, their beginnings, their cultures, and their physical traits |
| enmity | mutual hatred |
| coalition | a temporary group that has come together for a specific purpose |
| reservations | land set aside by the governments for use by Native Americans |
| atlatl | hand-held spear thrower |