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Unit 3 A&P
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Protection (from water loss, air, infection, chemicals, UV radiation), Sensations (such as pressure, heat, cold, & pain),Temperature regulation, Excretion of waste through sweat, Production of Vitamin D | What is the function of skin |
| Epidermis (top), dermis (middle), hypodermis (bottom) | What are the 3 layers of skin |
| Stratum corneum | Layer of dead cells 20 to 30 thick. Thick, keratinized cells protect the deeper layers. Regularly shed from the body. |
| Stratum lucidum | level of the epidermis with a thin layer of translucent cells only found in thick skin of the palms and soles of feet |
| Stratum granulosum | level of the epidermis where Cells begin to flatten and disintegrate. Accumulate keratin granules, responsible for (waterproofing) the skin. |
| Stratum spinosum | level of the epidermis known as the ¨Spiny layer”. Several cells thick. Named for the irregular shape of the cells. Contains pre keratin filaments. |
| Stratum basal | level of the epidermis that is constantly dividing and pushing up cells into the next layer. |
| Melanocytes | spider shaped epithelial cells found in the stratum basal and stratum spinosum that produce melanin |
| Darker skinned people have the same number of melanocytes as lighter skinned people, the difference is in the amount of melanin produced | Compare melanin in light skinned and dark skinned people |
| Melanin | protects the skin from harmful uv rays |
| It mutates a skin cell’s DNA, the cells begin to divide uncontrollably. This is called skin cancer. | what does uv radiation do to skin cells |
| Dense irregular connective tissue | what is the dermis composed of |
| Dermal papillae | the boundary between the epidermis and the dermis that is the cause of your fingerprints |
| Papillary layer | layer of the dermis made of loose connective tissue |
| Reticular layer | layer of the dermis made of bundles of collagen fibers |
| Lines of cleavage | the arrangement of collagen fibers in the dermis |
| Quicker healing and less scar tissue formation | why are lines of cleavage important |
| Eccrine glands | sudorfiferous glands that are Merocrine sweat glands that are abundant and often found on the palms, soles of feet, and forehead (all over the body) |
| Apocrine glands | sudorfiferous glands found almost exclusively in the armpit and genital areas |
| Sebaceous glands | hypodermis, not actually a part of the skin, composed of loose, fatty connective tissue that connects the skin to muscle or bone, also insulates and stores nutrients |
| Hard keratin | what are nails and hair made of |
| keeps in heat and protects us from the sun | functions of head hair |
| alerts us to insects before they bite | functions of body hair |
| the hair bulb | Hair cells divide filled with keratin and pigment divide within the follicle in a region this region |
| Nail matrix | produces new heavily keratinized cells, which become the nail body. |
| Athletes foot | itchy, red, peeling condition of the skin between the toes, resulting from an infection with the fungus Tinea Pedis. |
| Boils | bacterial infection that causes inflammation of the hair follicles and surrounding tissues, commonly on dorsal neck. |
| Cold sores | also known as fever blisters, small fluid filled blisters located around the lips & mouth, that itch and sting, caused by human herpesvirus 1 infection. They can lay dormant until activated by emotional upset, fever, or UV radiation |
| Psoriasis | reddened epidermal lesions covered with dry, silvery scales that itch, burn, crack, and sometimes bleed. An autoimmune disorder in which the immune system attacks a person’s own tissue, leading to the rapid overproduction of skin cells. |
| Fluid loss | a life threatening problem of a burn, Body loses supply of fluids containing proteins and electrolytes as they seep from the burned surfaces |
| Infection | a life threatening problem of a burn where pathogens can easily invade areas where the skin has been destroyed |
| 1st degree burn | degree of burn where Only the superficial epidermis is damaged, Area becomes red and swollen, Generally heal in 2 to 3 days |
| 2nd degree burn | degree of burn which involves injury to epidermis and the superficial part of the dermis. Skin will be red, painful, and blistered. Regeneration of epithelium cells occurs, no permanent scars |
| 3rd degree burn | degree of burn where it destroys both the epidermis and the dermis, often extending into the subcutaneous tissue. Blisters will be present. The burned area will appear blanched (gray white) or blackened. Nerve endings are destroyed as well, which makes th |
| 4th degree burn | degree of burn where extend into the deeper tissues such as bone, muscle, or tendons. Requires surgery and skin grafting. Amputation of limbs may be necessary |
| Nails | ungu |
| Hair | pil |
Created by:
katiekat1334