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ethics test 2

QuestionAnswer
What is Astell's main argument about women? Women are capable of being wise, virtuous, and intelligent, but society limits their opportunities
What prevents women from reaching their full potential? A lack of education, opportunities, and encouragement from society and men
What does Astell say would happen if men were denied education like women? Men would also become ignorant and incapable.
What does Astell believe women can achieve if properly educated? They can develop their minds and reach a high level of intellectual and moral excellence.
Does Astell believe women are naturally foolish? No. She argues that examples from history prove women can be intelligent and wise.
What is Astell's goal in writing her work? To identify and remove the barriers preventing women from improving themselves.
What does Astell say about human understanding? Human understanding is powerful but limited because humans cannot know everything
What should people focus their understanding on? MA Truths that are useful, meaningful, and appropriate for human beings to know.
Why should humans remain humble about their intelligence? MA Their intellectual abilities come from God, and human understanding has limits.
What is more valuable than material possessions? MA The human soul, because material things do not provide true happiness.
What is the goal of human understanding? MA Truth.
Why can't humans understand every truth? mA Our minds are limited, and sometimes we lack the ideas needed to make comparisons.
Why should we break difficult questions into smaller parts? MA Breaking them apart makes difficult problems easier to understand.
What should we do before making a judgment? MA Carefully review the evidence and make sure our reasoning is correct.
Why should our reasoning stay focused on the main subject? MA Each part of our reasoning should logically support the next and lead toward the truth.
Why should we be understanding toward people who disagree with us? MA We may not know their circumstances or what information they had available.
What is the aim of human life for Epictetus? Happiness through reason and virtue.
What is happiness for Epictetus? Mental tranquility, calmness, and peace of mind.
What is the ordered universe? A harmonious, rational system where everything has a place.
What can humans control in the universe? Their judgments, choices, desires, and responses.
What is the natural order? A divinely governed and rational order of events.
What does Stoicism say about good and evil? Events are neither good nor evil; our judgments make them so.
What is ataraxia? Freedom from disturbance.
What is apatheia? Freedom from excessive passion or emotion.
What are “externals”? Things outside our control, like wealth, health, and reputation.
What is the key to Stoic happiness? Focus on what you can control and accept what you cannot.
What does “harmony with nature” mean? Responding rationally and appropriately to the world.
What causes us to become upset according to Epictetus? Our judgments about events, not the events themselves.
Should we avoid things like picnics and baths to avoid problems? No. Enjoy them while accepting that problems can happen.
What should we do when circumstances change our plans? Accept the situation and adjust our expectations.
What does the actor example teach us? We cannot control our role, but we can control how we perform it.
What does Stoic freedom mean? Not depending on things controlled by others.
What does self-reliance mean for a Stoic? Looking to yourself for help and harm rather than externals.
What do Stoics control? Their judgments, choices, reactions, and emotional responses.
What is Stoic virtue? Using reason to govern judgments and choices.
What kind of person would a Stoic be? Humble, kind, dutiful, loving, and not easily angered.
Created by: jayne_
 

 



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