Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Stack #4728888
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Exceptionalism | Claim that a region is fundamentally different because of deep and fixed cultural or historical traits. |
| Cultural particularism | Claim that culture or religion is the main explanation for political and social outcomes. |
| Historical particularism | Claim that a region has a uniquely different historical development. |
| Analytic particularism | Claim that normal comparative concepts cannot adequately explain a particular region. |
| Orientalism | Western portrayal of the Orient as irrational, backward, exotic, and fundamentally unlike the West. |
| Cultural relativism | Claim that outside standards should not be applied because a society has its own distinct cultural values. |
| Millet system | Ottoman system allowing recognized religious communities substantial control over their own internal affairs. |
| Tanzimat | Ottoman reform period from the 1830s to 1870s aimed at modernization and stronger state institutions. |
| Ottomanism | Idea that all Ottoman subjects should share equal political rights and loyalty to the empire. |
| Islamism | Political idea emphasizing Islam as a basis for political identity and organization. |
| Turkism | Turkish ethnic nationalism that became increasingly influential in the late Ottoman Empire. |
| Mandate system | League of Nations system giving European powers temporary control over former Ottoman and German territories. |
| State capacity | Ability of a state to control territory, enforce laws, collect taxes, and provide services. |
| Monopoly on force | State control over the legitimate use of organized physical violence within its territory. |
| Infrastructural power | Practical ability of the state to penetrate society through taxation, administration, communication, and services. |
| Rentier state | State funded heavily by external rents such as oil rather than taxation of citizens. |
| Regime | Formal and informal rules governing how leaders are selected and political power is exercised. |
| Party-based regime | Authoritarian regime in which a political party is central to controlling access to power. |
| Military regime | Regime in which the armed forces institutionally control access to top political positions. |
| Personalist regime | Regime in which political power becomes concentrated around an individual ruler. |
| Coercive apparatus | Security forces and institutions used by the state to repress challenges and maintain political control. |
| Repression | Use of punishment, surveillance, intimidation, or force to suppress political opposition. |
| Deterrence | Use or threat of punishment to discourage people from challenging the regime. |
| Co-optation | Bringing potential rivals into the political system through positions, resources, or benefits. |
| Closed autocracy | Authoritarian system with no meaningful electoral competition. |
| Electoral autocracy | Authoritarian system with real elections but rules designed to prevent meaningful turnover in power. |
| Competitive autocracy | Authoritarian system where opposition can win but competes on a heavily unequal playing field. |
| Gerrymandering | Drawing electoral district boundaries to systematically favor a party or political group. |
| Wasta | Personal connections or influence used to obtain political or economic favors. |
| Coup-proofing | Strategies rulers use to prevent the military or security forces from overthrowing them. |
| Ethnic stacking | Filling key military or security positions with members of trusted ethnic, sectarian, family, or regional groups. |
| Parallel military | Separate armed force created outside the regular military chain of command and tied closely to the ruler. |
| Counterbalancing | Dividing coercive power among rival security organizations so no single force can easily seize power. |
| Patronage | Distribution of jobs, money, contracts, or privileges in exchange for political loyalty. |
| Aliyah | Jewish immigration to the land of Palestine or Israel. |
| Yishuv | Pre-state Jewish community in Palestine before the creation of Israel. |
| Kibbutz | Collective agricultural community associated with early Zionist settlement. |
| Zionism | Modern Jewish nationalist movement seeking Jewish self-determination in the ancestral homeland. |
| Nakba | Palestinian term meaning catastrophe, referring to mass displacement during the 1948 war. |
| Intifada | Arabic term meaning uprising, used for major Palestinian uprisings against Israeli rule. |
| Palestinian Authority | Interim Palestinian governing body created by the Oslo Accords to administer parts of the West Bank and Gaza. |
| Area A | West Bank area under Palestinian Authority civil and security control. |
| Area B | West Bank area under Palestinian civil control and Israeli military control. |
| Area C | West Bank area under Israeli civil and security control. |
| Two-state solution | Proposal for separate Israeli and Palestinian sovereign states. |
| One-state solution | Proposal for one political state across the territory instead of separate Israeli and Palestinian states. |
Created by:
user-2048594