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IHUM 101 Exam 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Dennis Sporre's 3 benefits of the arts | arts help us "design, build, and repair a life;" "provide us with opportunities to become more capable in thought, judgement, communication, appreciation, and action;" essential way in which we "teach the truth" |
| Four Purposes of Art | providing a record; giving visible or other form to feelings; revealing metaphysical or spiritual truths; helping people see the world in new or innovative ways |
| 3 ways we connect with art | as audience, as creators, as critics |
| Betty Edward's 5-step creative process | Insight, Saturation, Incubation, Aha Moment, Verification |
| the aesthetic experience | when art has a very powerful effect on us as an audience |
| 3 hallmarks of an aesthetic experience | Prize it for its own sake; engenders a sympathetic attitude; fully engages our intellectual, sensuous, and intuitive faculties |
| initial critical response to Duchamp's Nude Descending a Staircase | lots of shock, called it indecent and sensationalist. Bewilderment and outrage characterized the response |
| the art analysis toolkit | formal criticism, contextual criticism, value judgement |
| common critical pitfalls | that's not art, anyone could do that, I know what I like and that's not it |
| subject | the "what" of the work |
| genre | landscape, portrait, still life, historical painting, religious painting |
| painting mediums | the raw material that an artist uses to make their art. dry media-chalk, charcoal, graphite, pastel; watercolor, gouache, fresco, tempera, oils, acrylics, |
| color | hue-primary or secondary colors; value-tint or shade; intensity-brightness or dullness |
| composition | the way artists organize placement of subjects and objects in the work and visual relationship those subjects and objects have to each other and the viewer, involves proportions, negative space, balance, rhythm, harmony, and variation |
| space | decision of artist whether to try to convey visual depth or will compressor flatten the sense of space, linear perspective vs atmospheric perspective; chiaroscuro, tenebrism, and sfumato |
| texture | real texture on painting-impasto, can also be implied texture, when you can see brushstrokes-painterly technique, when you can't-linear style |
| photography/printmaking method | relief printing-image carved out and ink applied to raised up part; Intaglio-ink applied to carved out grooves of metal plate; planographic-flat surface to manipulate transfer of ink; photography |
| photography/printmaking techniques | relief-woodcut printing; Intaglio-engraving, etching; Planographic-lithograph, silk screening/screen printing; photography-film or digital |
| line | direction-horizontal, vertical, diagonal; organic vs inorganic; real versus implied |
| sculpture types | full round, relief, linear, ephemeral, installation, earthworks |
| sculpture methods | subtraction, manipulation, casting, assemblage |
| sculpture mediums | stone, wood, ice styrofoam; clay, wax, plaster; bronze; found materials |
| scale and placement | it is important where sculptures are placed and how that placement creates a conversation with the environment |
| The Forgotten Man by Maynard Dixon, oil on canvas | painted during Great Depression, was commissioned to depict hardships of Americans, had previously avoided depicting social conditions, painting inspired by plight of many facing joblessness and homelessness |
| Terentius Neo and His Wife by an unknown ancient Roman artist, fresco | preserved in Pompeii, it is believed they ran a bakery, wife seems to be painted as important |
| Akbar Inspecting the Construction of Fatehpur Sikri by Tulsi Kalan, Band, Madhu Kalan, opaque watercolor on paper | part of official history commissioned by Emperor Akbar, illustrators wanted to portray his as important, engaged, and benevolent; |
| The Child's Bath by Mary Cassatt, oil on canvas | impressionist artist, continually focused on mothers and children, |
| Jacob's Ladder by Helen Frankenthaler, oil on canvas | abstract expressionism, color field painting, artist experimented with different styles, artist was raised in Jewish faith-this biblical story was linked with act of prayer |
| Shimomura Crossing the Delaware, by Roger Shimomura, acrylic on canvas | postmodernism-combines old and new, examines what it means to be American, makes body of water look like San Francisco harbor, artist had been imprisoned at Japanese internment camps during ww2 |
| Virginia Christman by Matika Wilbur, a film photograph | part of photo series honoring modern day Native Americans, photographing one from each tribe |
| Frontispiece of the Diamond Sutra by an unknown Chinese artist, woodblock print | illustration on title page of world's oldest printed book, book is conversation between Buddha and one of his pupils, depicts scenes from Buddha's life and his enlightenment |
| The Prodigal Son Among the Swine by Albrecht Durer, engraving | depicts the moment the prodigal son decides to return to his father's house, the original copper plate was used after the artist's death, set in German farmyard rather than Middle East, time of growing wave of Protestantism |
| Sarah Bernhardt as Hamlet by Alphonse Mucha, lithograph | poster created for actress, Art Nouveau style, has figures from story of Hamlet, |
| Marilyn Diptych by Andy Warhol, silkscreen/screen print | prompted by death of Marilyn Monroe, diptych is a reference to historical paintings which would portray religious subjects, suggest troubled and fleeting side of fame |
| HM Queen Elizabeth 2 Wearing Garter Robes, Buckingham Palace by Annie Leibovitz, photographic print | part of five-minute photo shoot, includes a servant in the background in doorway, contrasts of light and darkness |
| Pieta by Kathe Kollwitz, cast bronze | originally small-scale bronzes then placed in national memorial for victims of war and tyranny, artist had experienced lots of death and loss in her life, saw it as her role to give voice to sufferings of mankind, advocate for peace, |
| Horsemen from The Parthenon Frieze by an unknown artist (Phidias?), carved marble relief | part of the original Parthenon, most likely depicting a procession honoring Athena, Greeks never agreed to the removal of carvings but British nobleman |
| ChacMool from Templo Mayor, unknown Aztec artist, carved stone | appeared on a platform on the side of a temple dedicated to the god of water and rain, may have been used in sacrificial ceremonies |
| David by Gianlorenzo Bernini, carved marble | part of Counter-Reformation era which focused on enticing worshippers to stay connected to faith, portrays David from Bible in action, portrays him as emerging from identity as shepherd |
| Mlle Pogany by Constantin Brancusi, cast bronze with black patina | abstract art, created around memory of person and their essence rather than straightforward visual representation, |
| Floating Piers by Christo and Jeanne-Claude, ephemeral installation | modern art, people were able to walk on the piers, always funded their own works and negotiated with city and environmental groups, |
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pworthen0723