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Social Studies
Intolerable Acts and The Declaration of Independence
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Why did colonists oppose the Tea Act? | It kept the tea tax and hurt colonial tea merchants. What was the Boston Tea Party? |
| What was the Boston Tea Party? | Colonists dumped tea into Boston Harbor to protest British tea policies. |
| What is civil disobedience? | Refusing to obey laws believed to be unjust. |
| Why did Britain pass the Intolerable Acts? | To punish Massachusetts for the Boston Tea Party. |
| What was another name for the Intolerable Acts? | The Coercive Acts. |
| How did the Intolerable Acts affect Massachusetts? | They closed Boston’s port, limited self-government, allowed certain trials elsewhere, and expanded quartering of soldiers. How did other colonies help Boston after the Intolerable Acts? |
| How did other colonies help Boston after the Intolerable Acts? | They sent food and supplies. |
| What did committees of correspondence do? | Shared news among the colonies and helped organize resistance. |
| What did the First Continental Congress agree to do? | Support Massachusetts, boycott British goods, stop exports to Britain, and organize militias. |
| What is a boycott? | Refusing to buy goods as a protest. |
| What is a militia? | A group of citizen soldiers who serve in an emergency. |
| Who were the minutemen? | Colonial volunteers ready to fight at a minute’s notice. |
| Why did British troops march toward Concord? | To seize colonial weapons and gunpowder. |
| How did Paul Revere and other riders help the colonists? | They warned that British troops were coming. |
| Why were Lexington and Concord important? | These battles began the Revolutionary War. |
| What did the Second Continental Congress do? | Organized the Continental Army and chose George Washington to command it. |
| What was the Olive Branch Petition? | A request to the king for peace and repeal of the Intolerable Acts. |
| How did King George III respond to the Olive Branch Petition? | He rejected it and sent more troops. |
| Why was the capture of Fort Ticonderoga important? | Americans gained cannons, gunpowder, and a key route into Canada. |
| Who were Patriots? | Colonists who supported fighting Britain and independence. |
| Who were Loyalists? | Colonists who remained loyal to Britain. |
| What advantages did American forces have? | They knew the land, defended their homes, and had skilled shooters and Washington’s leadership. |
| What weaknesses did American forces have? | They lacked training, supplies, and a strong navy. |
| What advantages did British forces have? | Well-trained troops and a powerful navy. |
| What difficulties did British forces face? | Supplies traveled far, and colonial militias attacked them in the countryside. |
| Why was the Battle of Bunker Hill important? | Britain won but suffered heavy losses, showing Americans could put up a strong fight. |
| Where was the Battle of Bunker Hill mainly fought? | Breed’s Hill. |
| How did Washington force the British to leave Boston? | He placed captured cannons on Dorchester Heights overlooking the harbor. |
| What is a blockade? | Closing a port to stop people or supplies from moving in or out. |
| What is a mercenary? | A soldier hired to fight. |
| Who were the Hessians? | German soldiers hired by Britain. |
| Who wrote Common Sense? | Thomas Paine. |
| What was the main message of Common Sense? | The colonies should become independent from Britain. |
| How did Common Sense influence colonists? | It increased support for independence. |
| Who proposed independence in Congress? | Richard Henry Lee. |
| Why was declaring independence dangerous for colonial leaders? | Britain could punish them as traitors. |
| Who was the main writer of the Declaration of Independence? | Thomas Jefferson. |
| When was the Declaration of Independence adopted? | July 4, 1776. |
| Who was president of Congress and signed the Declaration first? | John Hancock. |
| What is the preamble? | The introduction to the Declaration. |
| What are the Declaration’s three main parts after the introduction? | Natural rights, grievances against the king, and the announcement of independence. |
| What are natural rights? | Rights people have from birth. |
| What does unalienable mean? | Cannot rightfully be taken away. |
| Which rights does the Declaration name? | Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. |
| According to the Declaration, what is government’s purpose? | To protect people’s rights. |
| What does consent of the governed mean? | Government gets its authority from the people. |
| What may people do if a government violates their rights? | Change or replace that government. |
| What are grievances? | Complaints about unfair treatment. |
| Why did the Declaration list grievances against the king? | To explain why the colonies believed independence was justified. |
| What were some grievances against the king? | Taxes without consent, disbanding colonial legislatures, and sending troops during peacetime. |
| What did the Declaration announce? | The colonies were independent and their political ties with Britain were cut. |
| Did the Declaration end the Revolutionary War? | No. The fighting continued. |
| Why were the victories at Trenton and Princeton important? | They restored American hope after earlier defeats. |
| How did Washington surprise the Hessians at Trenton? | He crossed the Delaware River and launched a surprise attack. |
| Why was Saratoga a turning point? | The American victory convinced France to ally with the United States. |
| Who helped secure French support for the Americans? | Benjamin Franklin. |
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