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chp 3 vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Arable land | the land suitable for growing crops |
| Age-Sex composition graph | this is a very useful tool to study population and its commonly called a population pyramid and is based on age and gender |
| Agricultural population density | this type of population density that compares the number of farmers to the area of arable land ; giving an indication of the efficiency of the regions farmers |
| Arithmetic population density | the most commonly used population density and is calculated by diving a regions population by its total area |
| Baby boom | After a war and when peace returns , the birth rate often spikes or increase |
| Baby bust | once a baby boom ends, birth rates are lower for a number of years which continues until the boomers reach child-bearing age |
| Birth deficit | this occurs when the bars of a pyramid representing children born during the conflict are often shorter that the bars immediately above and below them |
| Carrying capacity | this is a region's population that can be supported without significant environmental deterioration. |
| Cohort | when reading a population pyramid the vertical axis shows age groups; sometimes listed in the middle or on the left or right side. |
| Dependent population | people under age 15 and/or older than 64. They are considered too young or too old to work full-time. |
| Dependency ratio | value comparing the working to the nonworking of a population. |
| Echo | this is when a high number of boomers in the population are having children, there can be an increase in births that show up as a bulge on the age pyramid. |
| Midlatitudes | the regions between 30 degrees N and 60 degrees N and between 30 degrees S and 60 degrees S (with moderate climates and better soils). |
| Overpopulation | this is when a region has more people than it can support |
| Physiological population density | this is calculated by dividing population by the amount of arable land |
| Population density | this is a measure of the average population per square mile or kilometer of an area. It measures how crowded a place is |
| Population distribution | this is the pattern of human settlement or the spread of people across the earth. |
| Population pyramid | this is known as an age-sex composition graph |
| Potential workforce | The people ages 15-64 which are society’s expected work force. |
| Redistricting | the state government process of redrawing district boundaries so that each district contains roughly the same number of people for the US House of Representatives. |
| Social stratification | the hierarchical division of people into groups based on factors such as economic status, power, ethnicity, or religion. |