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HIS 1005 FA26 Exam 2

TermDefinition
Heresy Belief that goes against official church teachings.
Arianism Belief that Jesus was created by God and was not equal to God.
Monasticism A religious lifestyle focused on prayer, discipline, and living apart from normal society.
Nuns Women who dedicate their lives to religious service.
Liberal arts Subjects like grammar, logic, math, and philosophy studied for education.
Five Pillars of Islam The five basic religious duties of Muslims.
Jihad A struggle or effort to live according to Islam.
Scriptoria Rooms in monasteries where books were copied by hand.
Vassalage A system where a vassal served a lord in exchange for protection or land.
Manor A lord’s estate that included farmland, villages, and workers.
Serfs Peasants tied to the land who worked for a lord
Chivalry A code of behavior for medieval knights.
Aristocracy The wealthy and powerful noble class.
Commercial Revolution Growth of trade, banking, and business in medieval Europe.
Bourgeoisie The growing middle class of merchants and business owners.
Guilds Groups of people in the same trade who controlled their profession.
Scholasticism Using reason and philosophy to understand religious beliefs.
Romanesque style Medieval architecture with thick walls, rounded arches, and small windows.
Gothic style Architecture with pointed arches, large windows, and tall buildings.
Common law Laws based on customs and court decisions.
Reconquista Christian effort to take Spain back from Muslim rule.
Lay investiture The practice of rulers choosing or appointing church officials.
Sacraments Important religious ceremonies of Christianity.
Eucharist Christian ceremony remembering Jesus’s Last Supper.
Relics Objects or remains connected to saints or religious figures.
Crusade Religious military campaign, especially to take or defend holy lands.
Black Death A deadly plague that killed millions in Europe.
Sultan A Muslim ruler.
Anti-Semitism Prejudice or hatred toward Jewish people.
Great Schism The split between the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches.
Conciliarism Belief that church councils should have authority over the pope.
Renaissance A revival of art, learning, and culture inspired by ancient Greece and Rome.
Three Estates Clergy, nobles, and everyone else in medieval society.
Humanism Focus on human potential, learning, and classical ideas.
New monarchies Stronger European kings who centralized their power.
Created by: user-2065769
 

 



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