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Industrial Revo
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What was pre-industrial society like? | Most people lived rurally and worked in agriculture; production was mostly handmade |
| What was cottage industry? | A system where families made goods at home by hand for merchants to sell |
| What changed during the Agricultural Revo? | New farming methods, crop rotation, and tools increased food production. |
| What was one major impact of the Agricultural Revo? | More food and fewer farm workers were needed, helping population growth and urbanization. |
| What was the Industrial Revo? | A shift from hand production to machine production in factories, beginning in the 1700s |
| Why did the Industrial Revo begin in Europe? | Europe had growing populations resources, trade, capital and new technologies. |
| Why did the Industrial Revo begin in England first? | England had coal, iron, capital, workers markets, and waterways |
| How did England's natural resources help Industrialization. | Coal provided fuel and iron provided materials for machines railroads and factories |
| What technologies helped cause the Industrial Revo? | The steam engine, spinning machines, power looms, improved ironmaking and railroads. |
| How did the steam engine help industry? | It provided reliable power for factories, mines, transportation, and machines |
| How did the textile industry change? | Machines greatly increased the speed and amount of cloth production |
| How did railroads affect the Industrial Revo? | They moved people and goods faster, connected markets, and encouraged economic growth |
| What were major results of the Industrial Revo? | Factories and cities grew, production increased and new social classes developed. |
| What were the main social classes created or strengthed? | The aristocracy, middle class, and laboring class |
| How did Industrialization affect the aristocracy? | They remained wealthy and powerful but faced growing competition from wealthy Industrialists |
| How did industrialization affect the middle class? | Business owners and professionals grew wealthier and gained greater social influence? |
| How did industrialization affect the laboring class? | Factory workers often faced low wages long hours, and unsafe working conditions |
| how did industrialization affect families? | Families increasingly depended on wages, and work shifted from home to factories |
| How did industrialization affect women? | Many women worked for wages especially in factories, but often earned less than men |
| What is mass culture? | Entertainment, products, and ideas becoming widely available to large numbers of people. |
| How did industrialization create mass culture? | Mass production and improved transportation made goods and entertainment more accessible |
| How did industrialization affect environment? | Factories and coal use caused air and water pollution and increased environmental damage |
| What were business organization? | Ways business were structured, such as corporations, partnerships, and joint-stock companies |
| Why were corporations useful during industrialization? | They allowed businesses to raise large amounts of money from many investors. |
| What were common response to the industrial Revolution? | Workers formed unions, protested, demanded reforms, and some destroyed machines |
| Who were the luddites? | Workers who destroyed machines they believed threatened their jobs and wages |
| Why did workers form labor unions? | To work together for better wages, shorter hours, and safer working conditions |
| What reforms were pushed for during Industrialization? | Limits on working hours, safer workplaces, and restrictions on child labor. |
| What were major responses to the Industrial Revo? | Protests, unions, new economic systems, reforms, and migration |
| What is capitalism? | An economic system based on private ownership and competition |
| What is communism? | An economic system where property and resources are commonly owned |
| What were labor unions? | Worker organizations formed to fight for better pay and conditions |
| Why did workers form unions? | to improve wages, hours, safety, and working conditions |
| What were protests a response to? | Poor working conditions, low wages and unfair treatment |
| What is Utopian Socialism? | The idea of creating ideal communities based on cooperation and equality |
| What reforms happened after the Industrial Revo? | Laws improved working conditions, hours, education, and child labor |
| What happened to migration after the Industrial Revo? | Many people moved to cities for Industrial jobs |
| What was the 2nd Industrial Revo? | A later period of rapid growth using steel, electricity, chemicals and oil |
| What is nationalism? | Strong pride and loyalty toward one's nation |
| What was Muhammad Ali's role in Egypt? | He modernized Egypt and expanded its cotton industry |
| Why was cotton important to Egypt? | Cotton became an important cash crop and export |
| What was the ottoman Empire? | A large empire that controlled much of Southeast Europe and the middle East |
| What was Balkan nationalism? | Nationalists movements seeking independence from Ottoman rule |
| What were the Tanzimat Reforms? | Ottoman reforms meant to modernize and strengthen the empire |
| Who were the Young Turks? | A group that wanted reform and constitutional government in the Ottoman Empire |
| What was the German nationalism? | The movement to unite German-speaking states into one nation |
| What did 'Blood and iron' mean? | Bismarck's belief that German unity would come through war and military strength |
| Who was Otto von Bismarck? | The Prussian leader who helped unify Germany |
| What was Italian nationalism? | The movement to unite the separate Italian states into one nation. |
| Who was Giuseppe Mazzini | A nationalist who promoted a free and united Italy |
| Who was Camillo di Cavour? | Sardina's leader who used diplomacy and alliances to help unify Italy |
| Who was Giuseppe Garibaldi? | A nationalist leader who used his Red Shirts to help unite Italy |
Created by:
TMorse29