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possessives
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| PLURAL NOUNS NOT ENDING IN S | add 's |
| PLURAL NOUNS ENDING IN S | Add only an apostrophe: the churches' needs, the girls' toys, the horses' food |
| NOUNS PLURAL IN FORM, SINGULAR IN MEANING | Add only an apostrophe: mathematics' rules, measles' effects apply when a singular entity has plural form: General Motors' |
| SINGULAR COMMON NOUNS ENDING IN S | Add ’s: the virus’s reach, the virus’s spread; the witness’s answer |
| SINGULAR PROPER NAMES ENDING IN S | add only apostrophe |
| some execptions ... for words that end in s sound followed by next word starting with s | for appearance' sake, for conscience' sake, for goodness' sake |
| DESCRIPTIVE PHRASES | Do not add an apostrophe to a word ending in s when it is used primarily in a descriptive sense: citizens band radio, tip: The apostrophe usually is not used if for or by rather than of would be appropriate in the longer form: a band for citizens |