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Chapter 4
defining words
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Silt | a granular sedimentary material with particle sizes between sand and clay |
| Irrigation | the artificial application of controlled amounts of water to land to assist in the production of crops and the maintenance of landscapes |
| Surplus | an amount of an asset, resource, or income that remains after all needs, uses, or expenses are fully satisfied |
| City-state | an independent, sovereign country that consists of a single city and its surrounding territory |
| Polytheism | the belief in or worship of multiple deities |
| Ziggurat | a massive, stepped pyramid structure built in ancient Mesopotamia and western Iran between roughly 2200 and 500 BCE |
| Cuneiform | the oldest known writing system in human history |
| Scribe | a person who writes down documents by hand or a tool used to scratch a line on hard surfaces |
| Epic | a long, grand story about a hero's great deeds |
| Empire | a large political unit or group of territories under the absolute control of a single supreme authority, monarch, or central government |
| Tribute | an action, statement, or gift that shows respect, admiration, or gratitude toward someone |
| Province | a main administrative division or regional territory within a country or empire |
| Caravan | a towed recreational vehicle used for living or traveling, or a group of people and vehicles traveling together for safety |
| Astronomer | a scientist who studies objects and phenomena outside Earth's atmosphere |
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