ADP (Adenosine diphosphate)

a lower energy molecule consisting of adenosine and two phosphate groups; forms when ATP loses a phosphate group and releases energy

Process that does not require oxygen

ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

a high energy molecule consisting of adenosine and three; phosphate groups; provides cells with energy

Another name for the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis

the metabolic process that releases energy by which cells break down food molecules, like glucose, to produce usable energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

Chlorophyll is the natural green pigment found in plants and algae, and some bacteria that absorbs sunlight to fuel photosynthesis.

Electron transport chain

a series of protein complexes and organic molecules embedded in a cell membrane that pass electrons from one molecule to another to help create cellular energy.

process where microorganisms like yeast and bacteria break down glucose without using oxygen.

The process of breaking one glucose molecule into two smaller molecules called pyruvate, producing two ATP molecules

A series of reactions that breaks down molecules from glucose and produces ATP and high-energy electron carriers.

an organic acid produced in the body when cells break down carbohydrates for energy produced mainly by the breakdown of glucose under anaerobic conditions.

Light-Dependent reactions

the first stage of photosynthesis that converts sunlight into chemical energy, producing ATP and NADPH while releasing oxygen.

Light-Independent reactions

a stage of photosynthesis that converts carbon dioxide into sugar molecules without needing direct sunlight

A molecule that accepts high-energy electrons and hydrogen during photosynthesis.

the process used by plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, to convert water and carbon dioxide into sugar and oxygen.

Final product of glycolysis and is produced from the splitting of glucose; goes on to be used in the krebs cycle

disc-like compartments n chloroplast where the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis take place

fluid inside the chloroplast; site of the Calvin Cycle

A high-energy molecule that carries electrons and hydrogen to the Calvin cycle.

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Biology Vocabulary

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Term	Definition
ADP (Adenosine diphosphate)	a lower energy molecule consisting of adenosine and two phosphate groups; forms when ATP loses a phosphate group and releases energy
Aerobic	Process that requires oxygen
Anaerobic	Process that does not require oxygen
ATP (adenosine triphosphate)	a high energy molecule consisting of adenosine and three; phosphate groups; provides cells with energy
Calvin Cycle	Another name for the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis
Cellular Respiration	the metabolic process that releases energy by which cells break down food molecules, like glucose, to produce usable energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
Chlorophyll	Chlorophyll is the natural green pigment found in plants and algae, and some bacteria that absorbs sunlight to fuel photosynthesis.
Electron transport chain	a series of protein complexes and organic molecules embedded in a cell membrane that pass electrons from one molecule to another to help create cellular energy.
Fermentation	process where microorganisms like yeast and bacteria break down glucose without using oxygen.
Glycolysis	The process of breaking one glucose molecule into two smaller molecules called pyruvate, producing two ATP molecules
Krebs cycle	A series of reactions that breaks down molecules from glucose and produces ATP and high-energy electron carriers.
Lactic Acid	an organic acid produced in the body when cells break down carbohydrates for energy produced mainly by the breakdown of glucose under anaerobic conditions.
Light-Dependent reactions	the first stage of photosynthesis that converts sunlight into chemical energy, producing ATP and NADPH while releasing oxygen.
Light-Independent reactions	a stage of photosynthesis that converts carbon dioxide into sugar molecules without needing direct sunlight
NADP+	A molecule that accepts high-energy electrons and hydrogen during photosynthesis.
Photosynthesis	the process used by plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, to convert water and carbon dioxide into sugar and oxygen.
Pyruvate	Final product of glycolysis and is produced from the splitting of glucose; goes on to be used in the krebs cycle
Thylakoid	disc-like compartments n chloroplast where the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis take place
Stroma	fluid inside the chloroplast; site of the Calvin Cycle
chloroplast	site of photosynthesis
mitochondria	site of cellular respiration
NADPH	A high-energy molecule that carries electrons and hydrogen to the Calvin cycle.

Created by: PRO Teacher sheilamonroe

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