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Chapter 3 ES

TermDefinition
lithosphere the outermost layer of both Earth and its geosphere
stratosphere the atmosphere the ozone layer is located in
Carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus the three biogeochemical cycles
core The layer of Earth below the mantle
mantle The layer of very hot but mostly solid rock below the Earth’s surface
tectonic plates One of the rigid layers of the lithosphere
crust The thin layer of rock that forms Earth’s outer surface on land and in the ocean
geosphere All of the rock at or below earth’s surface
biosphere The Earth and all of its organisms and environments
atmosphere The thin layer of gases that surrounds Earth
hydrosphere All of the water above and below Earth’s surface and in the atmosphere
Excess nitrogen and phosphorus from fertilizers a cause of dead zones
troposphere Bottom layer of the atmosphere
exosphere Top layer of the atmosphere
dead zones long term effect algal blooms can have on a pond
photosynthesis The process by which autotrophs use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugars, releasing oxygen
biogeochemical cycles The circulation of nutrients through the atmosphere
nitrogen fixation The conversion of nitrogen gas into ammonia (usable gas to living organisms)
cellular respiration The process by which organisms use oxygen to release the chemical energy of sugars, producing carbon dioxide and water
hypoxia low oxygen levels in water
law of conservation of matter This states that matter can be transformed but cannot be created or destroyed
ground water Fresh water found underground
deposition The depositing of eroded soil at a new location
aquifer Layers of rock and soil that hold groundwater
Created by: 2210665
 

 



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