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chem.1 vocab ch.3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| chemical property | the ability of a substance to combine with or change into one or more other substances. |
| extensive property | are dependent on the amount of substances present |
| gas | a form of matter that not only flows to conform to the shape of its container but also fills the entire volume of its container |
| intensive property | independent of the amount of substance present |
| liquid | a form of matter that flows, has constant volume, and takes the shape of its container |
| physical property | a characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the samples composition |
| solid | a form of matter that has its own definte shape and volume |
| states of matter | all matter that exsists naturally on earth can be classified as one of these physical forms |
| vapor | the gaseous state of a substance that is a solid or liquid at room temperature |
| chemical change | a process that involves one or more substances changing into new substances |
| law of conservation of mass | mass is neither created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction |
| phase change | a transition of matter from one state to another |
| physical change | a change which alters a substance without changing its composition |
| chromotography | a technique that separates the components of a mixture based on the ability of each component to travel or be drawn across the surface of another material |
| crystallization | a separation technique that results in the formation of pure solid particles of a substance form a solution containing the dissolved substance |
| distillation | a separation technique that is based on differences in the boiling points of the substance involved |
| filtration | a technique that uses a porous barrier to separate a solid from a liquid |
| heterogenous | mixture that does not blend smoothly and individual substances stay the same |
| homogenous mixture | a mixture that has constant composition throughout |
| mixture | a combination of two or more pure substances in which each pure substance returns its individual chemical properties |
| solution | homogenous mixtures |
| sublimation | a process during which a solid change to vapor without melting |
| compound | made up of two or more different elements hat are combined chemically |
| element | a pure substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by physical or chemical means |
| law of definite proportions | a compound always composed of the same element in the same proportions by mass, no matter how large or small the sample |
| law of multiple proportions | different compounds are formed by a combination of the same elements, different masses of one element combine with some relative mass of the other element |
| percent by mass | the ratio of the mass of each element to the total mass of the compound expressed as a percentage |
| periodic table | organized the elements into horizontal rows called periods and vertical columns called groups |
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