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Module 2 Science
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Energy | the ability to cause change |
| Potential energy | stored energy due to the interactions between objects or particles |
| Chemical energy | energy that is stored in and released from the bonds between atoms |
| Nuclear energy | energy stored in and released from the nucleus of an atom |
| Kinetic energy | Energy due to motion |
| Electric energy | energy carried by an electric current |
| Mechanical energy | sum of the potential energy and the kinetic energy in a system |
| Thermal energy | the sum of the kinetic energy and the potential energy of the particles that make up an object |
| Wave | a disturbance that transfers energy from one place to another without transferring matter |
| Sound energy | Energy carried by sound waves |
| Radiant energy | energy carried by an electromagnetic wave |
| Law of conservation of energy | law that states that energy can be transformed from one form to another, but it cannot be created or destroyed |
| Energy transfer | the process of moving energy from one object to another without changing form |
| Energy transformation | the conversion of one form of energy to another |
| Work | the amount of energy used as a force moves an object over a distance |
| Open system | a system that exchanges matter or energy with the environment |
| Closed system | a system that does not exchange matter or energy with the environment |
| Renewable energy source | an energy resource that is replaced as fast as, or faster than, it is used |
| Nonrenewable energy source | an energy resource that is available in limited amounts or that is used faster than it can be replaced in nature |
| Temperature | the measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a material |
| Heat | the movement of thermal energy from a region of higher temperature to a region of lower temperature |
| Conduction | the transfer of thermal energy due to collisions between particles |
| Radiation | the transfer of thermal energy by electromagnetic waves |
| Convection | the circulation of particles within a material caused by differences in thermal energy and density; the transfer of thermal energy by the movement of particles from one part of a material to another |
| Vaporization | the change in state from a liquid to a gas |
| Thermal conducter | a material through which thermal energy flows quickly |
| Thermal insulator | a material through which thermal energy flows slowly |
Created by:
Aayansh17