ADP (Adenosine diphosphate)

a high energy molecule similar to ATP but with one less phosphate, is generally produced either by dephosphorylation of ATP

Process that does not require oxygen

ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

Molecule that serves as the primary energy carrier within cell; it stores chemical energy and releases it when needed to power various biological processes.

Another name for the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis

the metabolic process that releases energy by which cells break down food molecules, like glucose, to produce usable energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

Chlorophyll is the natural green pigment found in plants and algae, and some bacteria that absorbs sunlight to fuel photosynthesis.

Electron transport chain

a series of protein complexes and organic molecules embedded in a cell membrane that pass electrons from one molecule to another to help create cellular energy.

a natural metabolic process where microorganisms like yeast and bacteria break down sugars and carbohydrates without using oxygen.

the metabolic pathway that converts one molecule of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate, releasing energy to form a net gain of two ATP molecules.

a series of chemical reactions that cells use to break down food molecules and release stored energy.

an organic acid produced in the body when cells break down carbohydrates for energy produced mainly by the breakdown of glucose under anaerobic conditions.

Light-Dependent reactions

the first stage of photosynthesis that converts sunlight into chemical energy, producing ATP and NADPH while releasing oxygen.

Light-Independent reactions

a stage of photosynthesis that converts carbon dioxide into sugar molecules without needing direct sunlight

Carrier molecule that transports high energy electrons from chlorophyll to other molecules

the process used by plants, algae, and some bacteria to turn sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into sugar and oxygen.

Final product of glycolysis and is produced from the splitting of glucose; goes on to be used in the krebs cycle

sac like photosynthesis membranes found in chloroplast where the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis take place

Outside of the Thylakoids the supporting structural tissue or fluid that holds the working parts of an organ, cell, or plant structure together.

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Biology Vocabulary

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Term	Definition
ADP (Adenosine diphosphate)	a high energy molecule similar to ATP but with one less phosphate, is generally produced either by dephosphorylation of ATP
Aerobic	Process that requires oxygen
Anaerobic	Process that does not require oxygen
ATP (adenosine triphosphate)	Molecule that serves as the primary energy carrier within cell; it stores chemical energy and releases it when needed to power various biological processes.
Calvin Cycle	Another name for the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis
Cellular Respiration	the metabolic process that releases energy by which cells break down food molecules, like glucose, to produce usable energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
Chlorophyll	Chlorophyll is the natural green pigment found in plants and algae, and some bacteria that absorbs sunlight to fuel photosynthesis.
Electron transport chain	a series of protein complexes and organic molecules embedded in a cell membrane that pass electrons from one molecule to another to help create cellular energy.
Fermentation	a natural metabolic process where microorganisms like yeast and bacteria break down sugars and carbohydrates without using oxygen.
Glycolysis	the metabolic pathway that converts one molecule of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate, releasing energy to form a net gain of two ATP molecules.
Krebs cycle	a series of chemical reactions that cells use to break down food molecules and release stored energy.
Lactic Acid	an organic acid produced in the body when cells break down carbohydrates for energy produced mainly by the breakdown of glucose under anaerobic conditions.
Light-Dependent reactions	the first stage of photosynthesis that converts sunlight into chemical energy, producing ATP and NADPH while releasing oxygen.
Light-Independent reactions	a stage of photosynthesis that converts carbon dioxide into sugar molecules without needing direct sunlight
NADP+	Carrier molecule that transports high energy electrons from chlorophyll to other molecules
Photosynthesis	the process used by plants, algae, and some bacteria to turn sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into sugar and oxygen.
Pyruvate	Final product of glycolysis and is produced from the splitting of glucose; goes on to be used in the krebs cycle
Thylakoid	sac like photosynthesis membranes found in chloroplast where the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis take place
Stroma	Outside of the Thylakoids the supporting structural tissue or fluid that holds the working parts of an organ, cell, or plant structure together.

Created by: hharper2011

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