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CELLS
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| cell | in biology, the smallest unit that can perform all life processes; cells are covered by a membrane and contain DNA and cytoplasm |
| organism | |
| cell membrane | a phospholipid layer that covers a cell’s surface and acts as a barrier between the inside of a cell and the cell’s environment |
| cytoplasm | the region of the cell within the membrane that includes the fluid, the cytoskeleton, and all of the organelles except the nucleus |
| organelle | |
| nucleus | |
| prokaryote | |
| eukaryote | an organism made up of cells that have a nucleus enclosed by a membrane; eukaryotes include protists, animals, plants, and fungi but not archaea or bacteria |
| atom | the smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of that element |
| molecule | |
| lipid | |
| protein | |
| carbohydrate | a class of molecules that includes sugars, starches, and fiber; contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen |
| nucleic acid | |
| phospholipid | |
| cytoskeleton | the cytoplasmic network of protein filaments that plays an essential role in cell movement, shape, and division |
| mitochondrion | |
| ribosome | |
| endoplasmic reticulum | a system of membranes that is found in a cell’s cytoplasm and that assists in the production, processing, and transport of proteins and in the production of lipids |
| Golgi complex | |
| cell wall | |
| vacuole | |
| chloroplast | an organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs |
| lysosome | |
| organism | |
| tissue | |
| organ | |
| organ system | |
| structure | |
| function | |
| homeostasis | |
| photosynthesis | |
| mitosis | |
| cellular respiration | the process by which cells use oxygen to produce energy from food |
| passive transport | |
| diffusion | the movement of particles from regions of higher concentration to regions of lower concentration |
| osmosis | |
| active transport | the movement of chemical substances, usually across the cell membrane, against a concentration gradient; requires cells to use energy |
| endocytosis | |
| exocytosis | |
| species | |
| genus | |
| domain | in a taxonomic system one of the three broad groups that all living things fall into |
| Bacteria | a domain made up of prokaryotes that usually have a cell wall and that usually reproduce by cell division |
| Archaea | a domain made up of prokaryotes most of which are known to live in extreme environments that are distinguished from other prokaryotes by differences in their genetics and in the makeup of their cell wall |
| Eukarya | |
| Protista | |
| Fungi | |
| Plantae | |
| Animalia | a kingdom made up of complex, multicellular organisms that lack cell walls, can usually move around, and quickly respond to their environment |
Created by:
gia napoli :3