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Law Chapter 3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Appellate Brief | A formal written document submitted to an appeals court that argues why a lower court's decision was legally right or wrong. |
| Appellate Court | A higher judicial body that reviews decisions and procedures from lower trial courts to determine if the law was applied correctly. |
| Arbitrator | An impartial third party chosen by opposing sides to resolve a dispute outside of a courtroom. |
| Associate Circuit Court | A specialized lower division of a state trial court system that handles lower-level civil, criminal, and minor municipal matters. |
| Court | An official body or tribunal presided over by one or more judges that has the authority to resolve legal disputes, administer justice, and apply laws in civil, criminal, or administrative cases. |
| Court Of Record | Is a judicial body that officially maintains a permanent, legally binding history of its proceedings, acts, and judgments. |
| General Jurisdiction | Is a court's legal authority to hear a wide variety of cases or to sue a defendant for any type of claim. |
| Juvenile Court | A specialized legal body that handles cases involving minors, typically those under the age of 18, who are accused of delinquent acts, status offenses, or matters of child welfare. |
| Litigate | To take a legal dispute to a court of law so a judge or jury can make a binding decision. |
| Mediator | A neutral third party who helps conflicting sides talk, compromise, and reach a peaceful agreement. |
| Municipal Court | Is a local city or town judicial body that handles minor criminal cases, traffic violations, and local ordinance infractions occurring within its specific geographic boundaries. |
| Original Jurisdiction | Is a court's power to hear and decide a case for the first time, before any appeal. |
| Probate Court | A specialized local court that oversees the legal process of validating a will, settling a deceased person's debts, and distributing their remaining assets. |
| Small Claims Court | A special local or state court that resolves minor money disputes quickly and cheaply without requiring a lawyer. |
| Specialized Jurisdiction | Also called special or limited jurisdiction) is a court's legal authority to hear only specific types of cases rather than a broad range of legal matters. |
| Transcript | A written or printed record of either spoken words or a student's academic history. |
| Trial Court | The first court to hear a legal case and the place where evidence, witness testimony, and initial verdicts are presented. |
| Verdict | Is the formal decision or finding made by a jury or judge at the end of a trial. |
| Writ Of Certiorari | A formal order issued by a higher court directing a lower court to send up the record of a case for review. |