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Consumer Loans
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Acceptance (referring to real estate contracts) | The act of agreeing to the exact terms of an offer, which creates a legally binding contract between a buyer and a seller |
| Adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM) | A type of home loan where the interest rate can change periodically based on market conditions |
| Amortization table | A schedule that shows how much of each mortgage payment goes toward paying off the principal balance versus paying interest over the life of the loan |
| Closing costs (referring to a mortgage) | Fees and expenses paid at the final step of a real estate transaction, such as loan origination fees, appraisal fees, and title insurance |
| Collateral | An asset, such as the property itself, that a borrower pledges to a lender to secure a loan |
| Counteroffer (referring to real estate contracts) | A rejection of an original offer combined with a new offer that changes the price, terms, or conditions |
| Earnest money | A deposit made by a buyer to show the seller they are serious about purchasing the home |
| Equity (referring to real estate/housing) | The portion of a home's value that the owner truly owns outright, calculated by subtracting the remaining mortgage debt from the current market value of the property |
| Finance charge | The total cost of borrowing money, including interest and any added fees expressed as a dollar amount |
| Fixed-rate mortgage | A home loan where the interest rate stays the same for the entire length of the loan |
| Interest | The fee charged by a lender for borrowing money, usually shown as a percentage of the loan amount |
| Lien | A legal claim or right placed on a property by a creditor to secure the payment of a debt |
| Market value (referring to real estate) | The most likely price a property would sell for in an open and competitive market |
| Points (referring to a mortgage) | Prepaid interest paid directly to the lender at closing in exchange for a lower interest rate, where one point equals one percent of the loan amount |
| Principal (referring to loans) | The original amount of money borrowed, not including the interest or fees |