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ME - System Analysis
ME[M1-4] SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN / IT0037
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Module 1: | _______________________________________________________________________ |
| _______________________________________________________________________ | _______________________________________________________________________ |
| A team creates an Ishikawa diagram for delayed permit approval. How should the branches in the diagram be treated? | As hypotheses that must be tested against credible evidence |
| A financial-service project requires formal security and compliance approvals, while customer-facing workflows need frequent usability feedback. Which approach is most defensible? | Use a documented hybrid approach with formal control gates and iterative workflow or interface increments |
| A campus clinic replaces its paper registration form with an online form, but waiting time remains high because nurses still re-enter the same data and a supervisor approves every record. What should the analyst recommend first? | Map the people, process, data, technology, controls, and feedback before proposing another change |
| Frontline cashiers have low formal authority but high interest and detailed knowledge of refund problems. How should the analyst involve them? | Engage them through interviews or workshops and validate findings across representative users |
| A cloud-based case-management system depends on a managed database and third-party identity service. Which analysis should occur throughout development? | Track shared responsibilities, service changes, observability, cost, data location, access, and fallback needs |
| An online course platform detects that weekly completion has fallen below 70% and automatically alerts the instructor to schedule a support session. Which systems principle is most clearly demonstrated? | Feedback is compared with an expected level to support corrective action |
| Employees routinely bypass the official service-ticket system because supervisors resolve urgent issues through private chat. What should the analyst investigate? | Informal norms, incentives, decision authority, urgency rules, and trust in the official process |
| A warehouse reports that the inventory system loses items after receiving. Which investigation is most defensible? | Compare receiving records, system logs, physical counts, observation, and interviews across relevant shifts |
| Two departments disagree about who owns approval of student organization events. The analyst organizes a workshop, clarifies each concern, and helps the group agree on responsibilities. Which analyst role is most evident? | Facilitator |
| A group wants to finalize the title 'AI Blockchain Mobile Cloud System' before meeting stakeholders. What is the strongest faculty guidance? | Frame the problem, users, setting, evidence, value, and specialization differentiator before finalizing the title |
| A mobile attendance proposal records students' precise location every minute, including outside class hours. Attendance can be verified using a check-in event during the scheduled class. What is the most responsible recommendation? | Collect only the check-in data needed for attendance, define retention, and obtain appropriate notice or consent |
| A retail team says that high online-cart abandonment proves the website needs a chatbot. What should the analyst do before accepting that solution? | Examine journey data, errors, payment failures, device conditions, and user feedback to identify the actual causes |
| During the first review of a public-service portal, a keyboard-only user cannot reach the appointment calendar. What is the best analyst response? | Record keyboard access as a requirement and correct the interaction before further design decisions are fixed |
| A team combines Scrum events, a formal architecture review, and a controlled release checklist. What makes this combination defensible? | Each practice addresses a documented project condition, with clear boundaries, handoffs, owners, and risks |
| A student-services team can meet users every week, priorities change as policies are clarified, and usable improvements can be released in small increments. Which working pattern best fits the situation? | Maintain a prioritized backlog, deliver time-boxed increments, review results, and adapt |
| A team is deciding what the current process does, why delays occur, and what users need before choosing the database and screen architecture. Which activity is the team primarily performing? | Systems analysis |
| A client gives conflicting descriptions of a procurement workflow and uses technical terms inconsistently. Which competency combination is most important for the analyst? | Active listening, business-process analysis, clear communication, and sufficient technical understanding |
| An animation team is unsure how learners will navigate a disaster-preparedness simulation. What is the best use of a prototype? | Build the smallest interaction model needed to test navigation assumptions with representative users |
| A business analytics team proposes a dashboard for overdue accounts. Which statement best expresses expected value? | Collection officers can identify priority accounts earlier and reduce the average time to first action |
| A disaster-alert application receives weather data from a government service and sends messages through a telecommunications provider. How should these two services be represented during context analysis? | As external entities whose interfaces and dependencies affect the system |
| _______________________________________________________________________ | _______________________________________________________________________ |
| _______________________________________________________________________ | _______________________________________________________________________ |
| Module 2: | |
| _______________________________________________________________________ | _______________________________________________________________________ |
| Which of the following is NOT a type of feasibility study? | Logical feasibility |
| What is the primary purpose of a business case in system planning? | To justify the need for a project |
| What is the first phase of the SDLC Waterfall Model? | Systems planning |
| A data-sharing agreement may not be approved before the pilot. Which risk response is strongest? | Assign the project lead to track the approval trigger, prepare a sanitized-data fallback, set a decision date, and record residual limitations |
| Which statement correctly separates risk cause, uncertain event, and consequence? | Because the identity provider has an unconfirmed capacity limit, authentication may fail during enrollment, causing users to miss registration windows |
| Four project proposals compete for one development team. Which selection process is most defensible? | Use agreed weighted criteria for strategic value, evidence, feasibility, risk, resource demand, and expected benefit |
| Which revised objective best improves the statement 'Make permit processing faster'? | Reduce the median verified permit-processing time from eight working days to five within three months of pilot deployment |
| A privacy concern discovered during design must reach the data protection officer within one working day. Where should this requirement be documented? | In the communication and escalation plan with audience, owner, channel, timing, and required action |
| A team lists 'deploy the dashboard' as the only success measure for a collection project. Which additional measure is strongest? | Reduction in the average time needed to identify and act on high-risk overdue accounts |
| A sponsor, product owner, security reviewer, and systems analyst disagree about who may approve a scope change. What should the project plan establish? | Decision rights, review responsibilities, escalation paths, and change-control rules |
| Which statement is a milestone rather than merely a date? | Security feasibility evidence reviewed and the conditional recommendation approved by the sponsor |
| A tourism portal has strong stakeholder value and a workable prototype, but launch depends on documented content licenses and a tested low-connectivity fallback. What recommendation is strongest? | Proceed with conditions that name the licensing and fallback evidence, owners, deadlines, and consequences |
| A facial-recognition attendance proposal may misidentify students with darker skin tones and has no documented lawful basis for biometric processing. Which conclusion is most defensible? | Treat fairness, lawful basis, consent or authority, safety, and accountability as unresolved feasibility blockers |
| A department submits a one-page request asking the IT office to investigate long enrollment queues. After investigation, the analyst prepares a document defining scope, alternatives, feasibility, costs, risks, and a recommendation. | A systems proposal |
| A proposed analytics platform must process five million records nightly, but the team has not tested the selected database or confirmed integration access. What is the best next step? | Run a representative proof of concept, verify interfaces and skills, and document support requirements |
| Prototype testing cannot begin until representative users are approved by the partner organization. How should the schedule address this condition? | Record the approval as a predecessor dependency, assign an owner, and include contingency |
| Which planning statement should be logged as an assumption that requires validation? | Most intended users have reliable access to a compatible smartphone |
| A team rates lifecycle options but lacks evidence about stakeholder availability and requirement stability. What is the most responsible action? | Record the uncertainty, gather evidence, and revisit the selection or tailoring decision |
| A barangay requests a mobile reporting application because a nearby city uses one. Which addition would most strengthen the business case? | Local evidence of reporting delays, affected users, expected public value, costs, risks, and alternatives |
| A vendor offers a low first-year subscription, but migration, integration, training, storage growth, support, and exit fees are not included. What should the analyst do? | Build a total-cost-of-ownership estimate covering initial, recurring, indirect, transition, risk, and retirement costs |
| A government payroll integration has stable statutory rules, a fixed annual release window, and mandatory review documents. Which starting approach is most suitable? | Use a predictive baseline with formal approvals, while tailoring feedback and risk reviews where needed |
| A first release will cover incident submission and dispatcher review for one campus, but not responder dispatch optimization or off-campus agencies. Which statement is most appropriate? | Record the included and excluded processes, users, locations, data, and responsibilities in the scope |
| Which work breakdown structure entry is most useful for a preliminary feasibility study? | Integration feasibility evidence package: interface inventory, test result, dependency owner, and recommendation |
| What is the final step in the preliminary investigation process? | Presenting results and recommendations to management |
| What tool is used to identify causes and effects in problem analysis? | Fishbone diagram |
| Which of the following is an internal factor affecting systems projects? | Strategic plan |
| What is the main disadvantage of the SDLC Waterfall Model? | It does not emphasize interactivity among phases |
| What is the purpose of a preliminary investigation? | To evaluate the feasibility of a systems request |
| Which development method emphasizes collaboration and rapid prototyping? | JAD/RAD |
| What is project creep? | Uncontrolled changes in project scope |
| _______________________________________________________________________ | _______________________________________________________________________ |
| _______________________________________________________________________ | _______________________________________________________________________ |
| Module 3: | _______________________________________________________________________ |
| _______________________________________________________________________ | _______________________________________________________________________ |
| A sponsor believes all applicants must submit a notarized form, but the current policy document requires notarization only for appeals. How should this be recorded? | Separate reported belief from authoritative policy and validate scope |
| A requirement states, 'The service shall maintain 99.9% monthly availability, excluding approved maintenance windows.' What type of requirement is this? | A measurable non-functional availability requirement |
| A use-case narrative for 'Release Digital Certificate' contains identity verification, payment confirmation, certificate generation, delivery, and a failed-payment path. What should the analyst do next? | Derive and trace separate requirements for behaviors and exceptions |
| A questionnaire asks, 'Is the permit portal fast and easy to use?' What is the best revision? | Separate speed and task ease into neutral scaled questions |
| A team documents only the ideal path for borrowing laboratory equipment. Which addition is most important before identifying requirements? | Add actual roles, handoffs, waits, rework, data, and exceptions |
| During an interview, a registrar says, 'The portal fails all the time.' Which follow-up is most likely to produce usable evidence? | Probe the latest incident for trigger, steps, data, result, and recovery |
| Interviewees say scholarship applications are normally approved within two days, while timestamped records show a median of six days. What is the strongest next step? | Reconcile definitions, timestamps, scope, and workflow stages before revision |
| A university help-desk project has input from the dean and system owner, but no evidence from students who request support, agents who resolve tickets, or staff who maintain integrations. What should the analyst do before approving the stakeholder plan? | Include representative operational, affected, technical, accessibility, and decision stakeholders |
| A clinic processes appointments differently during normal days, peak enrollment weeks, and system outages. Which sampling plan best supports requirements discovery? | Sample across periods, outcomes, groups, and exceptions using stated criteria |
| A ticketing portal needs a verifiable response-time requirement for peak use. Which statement is strongest? | Define workload, percentile, response threshold, and test environment |
| A city ordinance defines a late fee as two percent of the unpaid balance for every complete month overdue. How should the team handle this rule? | Record a sourced, versioned, testable, change-owned business rule |
| A reviewer selects requirement REQ-27 and asks where it came from, where it is modeled, and how it will be verified. What should the traceability record provide? | Trace backward to evidence and forward to models and verification, with reverse links |
| A student-record system allows advisers to export sensitive cases. Which requirement set most directly addresses unauthorized disclosure and accountability? | Require controlled export, step-up verification, encryption, minimization, and audit |
| Before baselining requirements for a food-rescue application, the team wants to confirm donor, courier, and recipient behavior. Which validation activity is strongest? | Walk through realistic scenarios and record stakeholder decisions |
| Staff members follow the official inventory procedure only while the analyst is visibly observing them. How can the analyst improve the credibility of the findings? | Use repeated ethical observation and compare records and logs |
| A team labels a legally required consent record as 'Could Have' and an animated dashboard theme as 'Must Have.' What is the best correction? | Re-rank by obligation, value, risk, dependencies, and release impact |
| A user story requires the system to flag overdue loans after seven calendar days. Which acceptance criteria are most useful? | Test boundaries, returns, extensions, and recorded flag timing |
| A draft says, 'The system shall verify the request, notify the applicant, archive the evidence, and generate a monthly report.' What revision best improves requirement quality? | Split it into identified, testable, traceable atomic requirements |
| In a facilitated workshop, Finance requires two approvals for refunds above PHP 5,000 while Customer Service says emergency refunds must be released immediately. What should the facilitator do? | Document evidence, model the exception, assign an owner, and obtain resolution |
| After the requirements baseline is approved, a new privacy rule changes the retention period from five years to one year. What should happen? | Submit a change request with impact analysis, approval, and versioning |
| _______________________________________________________________________ | _______________________________________________________________________ |
| _______________________________________________________________________ | _______________________________________________________________________ |
| Module 4: | _______________________________________________________________________ |
| _______________________________________________________________________ | _______________________________________________________________________ |
| Which name is most appropriate for a logical DFD process that checks submitted scholarship evidence? | Validate Evidence |
| A sequence diagram shows a certificate being delivered before the payment service returns confirmation. What should the model reviewer do? | Reorder messages so delivery follows confirmed payment |
| After an order is confirmed, inventory reservation and payment authorization may proceed in parallel, but shipping begins only after both finish. Which activity-diagram elements express this? | Fork, then join before shipping |
| A proposed domain model contains LoginScreen, BlueButton, and ReportPage but omits Case, Evidence, Reviewer, and Decision. What is the main problem? | Replace interface artifacts with domain concepts and relationships |
| One model uses 'Student No.' while another uses 'Learner ID' for the same institutional identifier. What should the analyst do? | Standardize canonical name, aliases, domain, and meaning across models |
| A level-0 DFD sends an 'Approved Request' flow directly from the Approver external entity to the Request Archive data store. What is the defect? | Insert a validating process between the entity and data store |
| Requirement REQ-18 says returned equipment must trigger an inspection record. The DFD stores the return but no model shows inspection creation. What should the team conclude? | Add missing traced behavior and reconcile all related models |
| Process 2.0 receives 'Verified Application' and outputs 'Eligibility Result.' Its child diagram receives an additional 'Supervisor Override' from an external entity. What must the team do? | Reconcile parent and child flows to restore balance |
| A primitive process applies a simple sequence with an IF condition and a repeated check for incomplete attachments. Which specification technique is appropriate? | Use structured English with controlled terms and defined data |
| Every online refund must verify the requester's identity, while supervisor review occurs only when the amount exceeds a threshold. How should these relationships be modeled? | Include mandatory verification; extend conditional supervisor review |
| A customer may place zero or many orders, and every order belongs to exactly one customer. Which multiplicities are correct? | Customer to Order is 0..*; Order to Customer is 1 |
| In a use-case diagram, the team names an actor 'Maria Santos' and links her to every function. What is the best improvement? | Use role actors linked to relevant goals |
| A decision table for access approval has two conditions, but it omits the case where identity is verified and authorization has expired. What is the best correction? | Add the missing combination and recheck completeness and consistency |
| A game-analysis team must represent characters, inventory items, abilities, and behavior such as equip and use. Which model is generally most informative at this stage? | Use a domain or class model for concepts, relationships, attributes, and responsibilities |
| The use case refers to a Beneficiary, the DFD sends Recipient Details, and the domain model defines Client with no aliases or mapping. What should the team do? | Standardize or explicitly map concepts across all affected models |
| The flow 'Contact Details' contains name, one or more phone numbers, and an optional email address. How should the data dictionary represent it? | Define elements, structure, repetition, optionality, formats, and domains |
| A context diagram for an enrollment service shows separate internal processes for validation, payment, and section assignment. What correction is needed? | Model one system process with external entities and boundary flows |
| When is a DFD process normally treated as primitive? | When its logic is clear enough for a process specification |
| A security incident may move from Contained to Recovered only after integrity checks pass. How should this rule appear in a state model? | Guard Contained-to-Recovered with a successful integrity check |
| A diagramming tool reports no syntax errors, but stakeholders say the modeled approval path is wrong. What is the best conclusion? | Perform a requirements-traced scenario walkthrough and correct the semantics |
Created by:
Jsean-Ed