Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Bio Lab 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What four structures do ALL cells (eukaryotes AND prokaryotes) possess? | Plasma/cellular membrane, cytosol/cytoplasm, genetic material (DNA), and Ribosomes |
| What are the major differences between eurkaryotes and prokaryotes? | Their size (pro is bigger), Pro DNA does not contain nucleus/moves freely in cell, Eukaryotic contain nucleus/stays in membrane, cell structures, pro represents monera kingdom/eukaryotic represents plants, animals, fungi, etc. |
| Cell Wall | maintains shape and structure, prevents bursting; in plants |
| Cell Membrane/Plasma | controls what enters/exits the cell; in plants and animals |
| Nucleus | contains DNA; maintains genes and controls activities of the cell; in plants and animals |
| Nucleolus | produces ribosomes; in plants and animals |
| Ribosome | produce proteins; in plants and animals |
| Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum | processes and packages proteins, contain ribosomes; in plants and animals |
| Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum | No ribosomes; produces and processes lipids, in plants and animals |
| Golgi Apparatus | Sorts and ships organic molecules, in plants and animals |
| Mitochondria | convert organic materials to energy (ATP), in plants and animals |
| Lysosome | contains digestive enzymes to break down organic molecules, in animals |
| Fat Vacuole | storage of fat, in animals |
| Chloroplast | site of photosynthesis, in plants |
| Central Vacuole | Aid in cell division, In plants and animals |
| Cytoplasm | Liquid component containing the organelles, in plants and animals |
| Gram Stain | positive: dark purple/blue negative: red |
| Cell Morphology | Coccus=round shape, Bacillus=rod shape, Spirillum=spiral shape |
| Practice Cell Structure Interactive Map | |
| Magnification | the amount an image is enlarged |
| Resolution=Resolving Power | the extent to which image detail is preserved |
| Contrast | the ability of an image to stand out against its background |
| Working Distance | the vertical space between the front edge of the objective lens and the top surface of the coverslip or focused specimen |
| Field of view = Diameter | multiply diameter (mm) by 1000 to get field of view (micrometers) ; The total circular or rectangular area of the specimen that you can see through the eyepiece or camera at one time. |
| Parfocal | when you change lenses, image will always remain in focus |
| Parcentral | when you change lenses, image will always stay in center of your field of view |
| Light Microscopes Characteristics: | color images, living/non-living, 40x-1000x magnification, compound light and stereo dissecting |
| Light Microscope Types/uses | Compound Light Microscope 2D, uses two lenses at a time, light goes up through specimen Stereo Dissecting Microscope 3D, light shines down on specimen to view outer surface detail |
| Electron Microscopes | black/white images, non-living, 350000x magnification, creates electromagnetic field for magnification, Scanning Electron Microscope , 3D, outer images Transmission Electron Microscope 2D, internal structure |
| Scanning Power | 4x, total magnification: 40x (red), shows the whole slide |
| Low Power | 10x, total magnification: 100x (yellow), shows the object in greater detail |
| High Dry Power | 40x, total magnification: 400x (blue), shows the object in even greater detail |
| Coarse Adjustment Knob | Locates specimen, brings into approximate focus |
| Fine Adjustment Knob | Brings specimen into final focus |
| Arm | Supports upper parts of microscope and serves as a carrying handle |
| Base | Bottom part of microscope, supports stage and arm |
| Body | Connects nosepiece and eyepiece |
| Diaphragm | Regulates the amount of light used to view the object |
| Eyepiece = Oculars | series of lenses(top) through which an object is viewed , magnification is 10x |
| Light source=illuminator | Lamp that directs a beam of light through the specimen |
| Revolving Nose Piece | Revolving piece that holds objectives, lenses used to magnify specimen |
| Scanning Power Objective | 4x, total magnification: 40x (red), shows the whole slide |
| Low Power Objective | 10x, total magnification: 100x (yellow), shows the object in greater detail |
| High dry power Objective | 40x, total magnification: 400x (blue), shows the object in even greater detail |
| Stage | Holds and supports microscope slides |
| Slide Position Adjustment Knobs | Moves slides left to right and front to back |
| Stage Clips | Lever that opens to secure the slide on the stage |
| Label microscope image | |
| Length | The measurement of a line from one point to another Meter (m), Metric Ruler |
| Volume | Amount of space an object occupies Liter (L), Erlenmeyer flask, beaker, graduated cylinder, pipet |
| Mass | Amount of matter in an object Grams (g), Taring (setting scale to zero) |
| Temperature | Degree of how hot or cold an object is Degrees C, Thermometer |
| Meniscus | The curve of the liquid in the container (like a graduated cylinder). |
| Kilo | 1 m = 1000 km |
| Deci | 1 m = 10 cm |
| Centi | 1 m = 100 cm |
| Milli | 1 m = 1000 mm |
| Micro | 1 m = 1,000,000 m |
| Nano | n 1 m = 1,000,000,000 nm |
| Carbohydrates Monomer | glucose; Saccharide Test: Benedict’s test (+) Color: red/orange (-) Color: blue |
| Carb Dissacharides | lactose |
| Carb Polysaccharides | Starch; Polysaccharide Test: Lugol’s Iodine Test (+) Color: blue/black (-) Color: orange/brown |
| Lipids Monomer | glycerol, fatty acids Test: Emulsifier (+) Color: homogenous (-) Color: separated |
| Saturated Fats | Single bonds, ester bonds, Solid |
| Unsaturated Fats | Double bonds, Liquid |
| Proteins monomer | monomer: amino acids Structure: • central carbon • hydrogen atom H • radical group R • (2) functional groups 1. Amino group (NH2) 2. Carboxyl group (COOH) Test: Biuret test (+) Color: purple (-) Color: blue |
| Proteins polymer | Polymer: polypeptide Example: hemoglobin Test: Biuret test (+) Color: purple (-) Color: blue |
| Nucleic Acids monomer | Monomer: nucleotide (phosphate group, nitrogenous base, sugar) |
| Nucleic Acids polymer | Polymer: nucleic acid, no test |
| Carbohydrates | (sugars & starches) |
| Lipids | (fats, oils, & waxes) |
| Proteins | (enzymes & hemoglobin) |
| Nucleic Acid | DNA & RNA |
| Dehydration synthesis | larger macromolecules are built from smaller molecules by removing water; monomer to polymer |
| Hydrolysis | large macromolecules are broken down by adding water to form smaller molecules; polymer to monomer |
| 4 structures all cells (eukaryotic and prokaryotic) possess | • Plasma/cellular membrane • Cytosol/Cytoplasm • Genetic Material (DNA) • Ribosomes |
| major differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic | • Their size (pro is bigger) • Pro DNA does not contain nucleus/moves freely in cell • Eukaryotic contains nucleus, stays in membrane • Cell structures • Pro represents monera kingdom/eukaryotic represents plants, animals, fungi, etc. |
| practice measurement conversions | |
| measurement equation | (starting/1) x (goal/starting) |
| Depth of Focus | the vertical distance thet remains in focus at any one time |
| Wet Mount | used for living specimens, place one drop of specimen on clean microscopic slide and cover with a cover slip |
Created by:
bethanygumpel