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History Test #4
Egypt Unit Test (60%)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| stone tomb with triangular-shaped sides that come together to form a point at the top | pyramid |
| fan-shaped region created when soil is deposited at the end of a river | delta |
| system of government ruled by religious leaders | theocracy |
| tall pillar with four sides and a point at the top | obelisk |
| life after death | afterlife |
| large stone slab that was used to decode hieroglyphics | Rosetta Stone |
| Egyptian writing system that used symbols to communicate sounds, words, and ideas | hieroglyphics |
| paper material made from the reeds of a plant along the Nile River | papyrus |
| section of the Nile River with rapids and rocky terrain | cataract |
| traditionally considered the longest river in the world, with a length of over 4,000 miles, and made civilization possible in Egypt and Kush | Nile River |
| ruler of ancient Egypt | pharaoh |
| body preserved in a way to prevent it from decomposing | mummy |
| Where did ancient Egypt emerge? | in the Nile River Valley |
| What conditions allowed ancient Egyptian agriculture to thrive? | predictable floodwaters and fertile soil |
| How would you describe the direction that the Nile River flows? | it starts in the south and flows to the north |
| Why did the majority of ancient Egyptians settle around the Nile Delta? | the buildup of soil made the land great for agriculture |
| Why did ancient Egyptians live along the Nile River? | Egyptians lived in the desert and could not depend on rainfall |
| Why was the pharaoh considered the most important leader in ancient Egypt? | the people believed that the pharaoh was a god |
| What is the meaning of ma'at? | Ma'at is the idea of a cosmic harmony and balance that existed on Earth and across the universe |
| What was the primary reason for mummification in ancient Egypt? | the belief was that a person's body must still exist so the spirit can go to the afterlife |
| What skill did mummification help ancient Egyptians develop? | medicine |
| Who ruled the Old, Middle, and New Kingdoms? | dynasties of pharaohs |
| Why were pyramids filled with gold, jewelry, and other valuable possessions of the pharaoh? | the pyramids were storage areas for these materials so the pharaoh's spirit could enjoy them in the afterlife |
| The ancient Egyptians constructed the pyramids out of ____________ that weighed several tons and thousands of workers built them without wheels, cranes, and other technology | limestone |
| Why were the pyramids built? | to serve as tombs for the pharaohs |
| During what period of Egyptian history were the Great Pyramids built? | Old Kingdom |
| How were historians able to use the Rosetta Stone to decode hieroglyphics? | it had the same statement written in both hieroglyphics and Greek |
| How does the transfer of power work in a dynasty? | the title of pharaoh is passed down to a younger relative or another chosen successor |
| Name the three time periods when Egypt's government was strong and stable. | Old Kingdom Middle Kingdom New Kingdom |
| The Middle Kingdom ended after Egypt was overpowered by which group of people with chariots and bronze weapons from Southwest Asia? | Hyksos |
| Why did ancient Egypt expand its territory and become and empire during the New Kingdom? | Egyptians feared invasions and wanted to block all possible routes |
| Which position in Egypt's social hierarchy was second-in-command and supervised the courts, tax collections, pyramid construction, and government officials? | vizier |
| True or False? Ancient Egypt was originally divided into two separate kingdoms: the northern half was called Lower Egypt and the southern half was called Upper Egypt | true |
| What was the most common job in ancient Egypt? | farmer |
| What was the name of the limestone statue with the head of a pharaoh and the body of a lion? | Great Sphinx |
| Who was the god of the sun that created the world and people in Egyptian mythology? | Ra |
| What were the powers of the god named Isis in Egyptian mythology? | magic and healing |
| What were the powers of the god named Anubis in Egyptian mythology? | mummification and cemeteries |
| Did the Egyptians leave the brain inside the body during the mummification process? | no |
| How was natron used in the mummification process? | natron was a salt that was used to dry out the mummy |
| Why did the ancient Egyptians eventually stop building the pyramids? | they were expensive to build and were targeted by tomb raiders |
| Which pharaoh significantly increased ancient Egypt's wealth through trade, built a large amount of monuments and temples, and overcame adversity to become one of the first women to serve as pharaoh? | Hatshepsut |
| Why is Akhenaten considered an important figure in world history? | He outlawed Egypt's traditional polytheistic religion and replaced it with the worship of his favorite god called Aten |
| Which pharaoh ruled ancient Egypt for 66 years, expanded its border through several military campaigns, and ordered the construction of several famous landmarks at Kamak and Luxor? | Ramesses II |
| Why is Tutankhamun considered an important figure in world history? | his tomb was rediscovered in the 20th century with his mummy and valuable Egyptian artifacts |
Created by:
Coach Rice