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APES Vocab Unit 2

TermDefinition
diversity index A mathematical measure that combines species richness and evenness to quantify biodiversity.
ecosystem A biological community of interacting living organisms and their environment.
ecosystem services The beneficial goods and services provided by natural ecosystems that support human life and economies.
environmental stress Any abiotic or biotic pressure, like drought or pollution, that strains an organism or ecosystem.
evolution The change in the genetic makeup of a population over successive generations driven by natural selection.
generalist A species with a broad niche and flexible habitat needs, making it resilient to environmental shifts.
genetic diversity The total number of different genetic characteristics and variations within a single population or species.
habitat diversity The variety of distinct ecological spaces, such as forests, wetlands, or streams, found within a region.
indicator species An organism whose presence reflects the specific environmental health or condition of an ecosystem.
island biogeography The study of ecological relationships and species richness on islands based on island size and distance from the mainland.
keystone species A species that has a large effect on its ecosystem relative to its actual population size.
limiting factors Environmental variables, like food or water, that restrict the growth of a population.
migration The seasonal or geographic movement of animals from one region or habitat to another.
natural selection The process where organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.
periodic Occurring at regular or predictable time intervals
resilience The ability of an ecosystem to recover and return to its original state after a disturbance or disruption.
resistance The ability of an ecosystem to remain unchanged and withstand a disturbance without collapsing.
secondary succession Ecological development in an area where an existing community was cleared or disrupted, but the soil remains.
specialist A species with a narrow niche or strict habitat needs, making it vulnerable to change.
species diversity The variety and relative abundance of different species within a particular region or ecosystem.
species evenness The relative numerical abundance or proportion of individuals among the different species in an area.
species richness The total number of different species represented in a given ecological community or area.
supporting service Fundamental ecosystem processes that allow all other services to function.
tolerance The range of environmental conditions that an organism can successfully endure and survive.
episodic Occurring at irregular, infrequent, or random intervals
population bottleneck A sharp reduction in population size that drastically decreases genetic variation.
pioneer species Fast growing early colonizers like lichens and mosses that first inhabit ground during primary succession.
primary succession Ecological development starting from bare rock or lifeless substrate where no soil initially exists.
provisioning service Products obtained directly from ecosystems, such as food, timber, and clean water.
regulating service Ecosystem functions that maintain environmental stability, such as climate control, flood mitigation, and water filtration.
Created by: sahasra.guda
 

 



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