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A&P quiz
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cell membrane | consists of phospholipids and embedded proteins. Regulates what enters and leaves the cell. Selectively permeable |
| Cytoplasm | area between the plasma membrane and nucleus. Where metabolic reactions take place |
| Organelles | little organs, structures within the cell that have specific functions |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) | complex structures of canals and channels, like a maze transport system |
| Rough ER | where ribosomes located, which make proteins |
| Smooth ER | no ribosomes, for lipid synthesis |
| Golgi apparatus | package and deliver proteins, proteins exported in vesicles |
| Mitochondria | powerhouse of the cell, harvests energy (ATP) |
| Mitochondrial disorders | cells don't produce enough ATP, symptoms of seizures, muscle weakness, respiratory problems, vision and hearing issues, and developmental delays |
| Lysosomes | contain enzymes, "suicide sac", breaks down substances like the stomach |
| Lysosomal Storage Disorder | occurs when lysosomes are unable to clear toxic materials from the cell |
| Centrosome (centrioles) | composed of 2 cylinders which lie perpendicular and are involved in cell division, centrioles form a spindle |
| Cytoskeleton | made of microtubules and microfilaments that give the cell support and shape. |
| Cilia and Flagella | function in movement |
| Cilia | help clear airways in the respiratory system |
| Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia | affected structure/function of the cilia, could make it difficult to have children |
| Nucleus | directs the activity of the cell, pores in nucleus allow RNA to exit, produces ribosomes |
| How does the cell membrane and diabetes relate |