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US NOTES
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The first system of government used to organize the United States of America after the colonies gained its independence from Great Britain. | Articles of Confederation |
| Law that set requirements that must be met for territories in the Ohio Valley to apply for statehood (elect a legislature, adopt a state constitution, prohibit slavery, etc.) | Northwest Ordinance of 1787 |
| Meeting during 1787 in Philadelphia to debate Articles and eventually write a new plan of government. | Constitutional Convention |
| Group of delegates who were part of the Constitutional Convention that developed the Constitution | "Founding Fathers" |
| to place and collect (taxes) | Levy |
| to make (money) | Coin |
| two houses | Bi-Cameral |
| created a bi-cameral legislature with equal representation in the Senate and representation according to state population in the House. | The Great Compromise |
| each five slaves would count as three persons for taxation and representation purposes. | Three-Fifths Compromise |
| foreign goods being brought into the country. | Imports |
| domestic goods sent to be sold overseas. | Exports |
| Congress could tax imports but not exports. | Tariff Compromise |
| to approve | Ratify |
| supporters of the ratification of the Constitution | Federalists |
| opponents of the ratification of the Constitution because of fear that too much federal power would infringe on people's rights. | Anti-FederaIist |
| the introduction to the Constitution that states its purpose, aims, and justification. | Preamble |
| powers given to the federal government. | Delegated Powers |
| powers not specifically stated in the Constitution, but assumed by Congress. | Implied Powers |
| powers set aside for the states, not the federal government | Reserved Powers |
| actions and laws forbidden to both the federal and state governments. | Denied Powers |
| allows Congress to stretch or expand its powers. | Elastic Clause |
| a person must be publically told of the charges against them. | Habeas Corpus |
| a person cannot be charged with a crime if the action wasn't illegal at the time. | Ex Post Facto Law |
| a person cannot be pronounced guilty of a crime (usually treason) and punished by death without proper legal procedure of trial. | Bill of Attainder |
| dividing authority within a government into 3 branches to ensure one group or person will not become too powerful. | Separation of Powers |
| branch of the government that interprets the law's constitutionality. | Judicial Branch |
| branch of the government that has the power to make the laws. | Legislative Branch |
| branch of the government that is responsible for enforcing the law. | Executive Branch |
| each branch within the government has certain jobs which balances the power of the other branches and keeps them in check. | Checks and Balances |
| to control or maintain | Regulate |
| to reject or forbid | Veto |
| process of electing the President. | Electoral college |
| trial (and eventual acquittal) of journalist John Peter Zenger for harshly criticizing the New York colony's royal governor. The trial is set a precedent for the First Amendment right of freedom of the press. | Zenger Trial |
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