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Grammar Sense 12-15
Review of Chapters 12-15 of Grammar Sense 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| [Ch 12 - FIB] She bought _____ new car yesterday, but _____ car broke down today. | a / the (Introduce a new count noun with 'a'; refer back to the specific noun with 'the') |
| [Ch 12 - Error] "I need to buy a new furniture for my apartment." What is the error? | 'Furniture' is noncount. Correct: "I need to buy new furniture" or "a piece of furniture." |
| [Ch 12 - Function] In "The elephant is the largest land mammal," what does 'The elephant' express? | Generic Noun: 'The + singular count noun' represents the entire species/group as a whole. |
| [Ch 12 - FIB] _____ milk is an excellent source of calcium for children. | Ø (Zero article: Generic noncount nouns do not take an article when speaking in general) |
| [Ch 12 - Error] "He asked the professor for an advice about his career." What is the error? | 'Advice' is a noncount noun and cannot take 'an'. Correct: "asked for advice" or "a piece of advice." |
| [Ch 13 - FIB] The professor _____ teaches Advanced Grammar is originally from Canada. | who / that (Subject relative pronoun for a person) |
| [Ch 13 - Error] "The student who she sits in the front row always asks great questions." What is the error? | Double Subject Error: 'Who' replaces the subject pronoun, so 'she' must be removed. |
| [Ch 13 - Function] In "My brother, who lives in Dallas, is visiting," what do the commas indicate? | Nonrestrictive Clause: Adds extra, non-essential information about a specific person. |
| [Ch 13 - FIB] Tokyo, _____ is the capital of Japan, has an extensive subway system. | which (Must use 'which', not 'that', in a nonrestrictive relative clause set off by commas) |
| [Ch 13 - Error] "I recently purchased a software who helps fix grammar errors." What is the error? | Pronoun Error: 'Who' is used only for people. Use 'which' or 'that' for things/software. |
| [Ch 14 - FIB] The online course _____ I took last semester was very informative. | which / that / Ø (The object relative pronoun can be omitted completely in restrictive clauses) |
| [Ch 14 - Error] "The author who I met him at the book signing was very kind." What is the error? | Double Object Error: 'Who' replaces the object pronoun, so 'him' must be deleted. |
| [Ch 14 - Function] Compare: "The coach to whom I spoke" vs. "The coach who I spoke to." | Register Difference: 'Preposition + whom' is formal academic English; ending with the preposition is informal. |
| [Ch 14 - FIB] This is the research project about _____ I was speaking during class. | which (Formal academic register: 'about whom' for people; 'about which' for things) |
| [Ch 14 - Error] "The apartment building in that I used to live was renovated." What is the error? | Preposition Rule: Never use 'that' directly after a preposition. Correct: "in which I used to live." |
| [Ch 15 - FIB] If the train _____ (arrive) on time tomorrow, we will reach the venue early. | arrives (Use simple present in the 'if-clause' for real future conditionals) |
| [Ch 15 - Error] "If I will have more free time, I would join the campus club." What is the error? | Mixed Conditional Error: Do not put 'will' in the if-clause. Correct: "If I had more time, I would join..." |
| [Ch 15 - Function] What is the primary function of "If I were you, I would take that job offer"? | Giving Advice: Using present unreal conditional with 'If I were you' to give polite recommendations. |
| [Ch 15 - FIB] I wish our upstairs neighbor _____ (stop) making noise so late at night. | would stop ('Wish + would + base verb' expresses annoyance or a complaint about someone else's action) |
| [Ch 15 - Error] "Unless you don't submit your form by Friday, you cannot register." What is the error? | Double Negative: 'Unless' already means 'if not'. Correct: "Unless you submit..." |
| Fill-in-the-Blank: The research institute ________ funding was slashed last year has nevertheless produced groundbreaking results. | whose |
| Fill-in-the-Blank: 1969 was the momentous year ________ human beings first set foot on the moon. | when |
| Fill-in-the-Blank: This project is failing, so we need to find ________ strategy as soon as possible. | another |
| Fill-in-the-Blank: I have two research assistants; one favors quantitative methods, while ________ prefers qualitative analysis. | the other |
| Fill-in-the-Blank: Some participants responded positively to the trial, but ________ experienced severe side effects. | others |
| Fill-in-the-Blank: The historic hotel ________ the conference was held has since been converted into a research center. | where |
| Fill-in-the-Blank: Of the five proposals submitted, three were rejected outright and ________ are still under review. | the others |
| Spot the Error: "The company, whose financial assets were frozen by court order, filed for bankruptcy yesterday." | NO ERROR (Correct: "whose" modifies inanimate "company" and possessive "assets"). |
| Spot the Error: "We visited the coastal laboratory where marine biologists study deep-sea ecosystems in." | ERROR (Redundant preposition: remove "in" when using "where", or change "where" to "which"). |
| Spot the Error: "Dr. Aris, who a prominent authority on quantum mechanics, delivered the opening lecture." | ERROR (Appositive error: remove "who" to form a reduced appositive, or add "is" after "who"). |
| Spot the Error: "I tried two different software programs, but neither of others worked." | ERROR (Misuse of determiners: change "others" to "them" or "the others" -> "neither of them"). |
| Spot the Error: "The decade when during these policy changes were enacted saw significant economic growth." | ERROR (Redundant structure: remove "during" when using "when", or change to "during which"). |
| Grammatical Function: Identify the target element: "Dr. Evelyn Reed, [a leading authority on urban sociology], will present her findings." | Appositive Phrase (condensed non-defining structure modifying "Dr. Evelyn Reed"). |
| Grammatical Function: In "The facility [in which] the trials occurred," what structure replaces "where"? | Preposition + Relative Pronoun (formal prepositional relative clause). |
| Grammatical Function: Contrast the usage: "another" vs. "other" before a singular countable noun. | "Another" takes a singular noun directly (another idea); "Other" requires a determiner (the other idea / an other is invalid). |
| Grammatical Function: What is the syntactic role of "whose" in "The firm whose shares dropped"? | Possessive Relative Determiner (modifies the inanimate head noun "shares"). |
| Grammatical Function: What is the grammatical distinction between "others" and "other"? | "Others" acts as a standalone pronoun; "other" acts as a determiner requiring a plural noun. |
| Fill-in-the-Blank: The conference provided a venue ________ regional leaders could exchange diplomatic perspectives without formal constraints. | where |
| Fill-in-the-Blank: You've completed two modules, but you still need to finish three ________ units before graduating. | other |
| Spot the Error: "Dr. Vance, whose task was evaluating procedural breaches, recommended several operational changes." | NO ERROR (Correct use of possessive "whose" referring to a person's assigned task). |
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