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Stack #4724620
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is heresy? What is heresy? A belief contradicting church doctrine What was a tithe? A church tax traditionally equal to one-tenth What is transubstantiation? Catholic belief that bread and wine become Christ's body and blood What is a sacrament? A | |
| What was a tithe? A church tax traditionally equal to one-tenth | |
| What is transubstantiation? Catholic belief that bread and wine become Christ's body and blood | |
| What is a sacrament? A sacred Christian rite conveying divine grace | |
| What did 'Every Man is His Own Priest' emphasize? Direct access to God without a priest as sole mediator | |
| What did the 'Priesthood of Believers' teach? All Christians have spiritual access to God | |
| Why did Frederick the Wise protect Martin Luther? He gave Luther protection in Saxony | |
| Who was Charles V? Holy Roman Emperor who opposed Protestant challenges | |
| What were the Ninety-Five Theses? Luther's 1517 criticisms of indulgences | |
| What was 'immunity of place'? A church place could have legal protection | |
| What was 'immunity of person'? Certain clergy had protection from some secular law | |
| Who was Ulrich Zwingli? Swiss reformer who promoted scripture-based reform | |
| Who was Philip Melanchthon? Lutheran scholar who organized Lutheran theology | |
| What was the 'Black Legend'? A portrayal of Spain as especially cruel and intolerant | |
| What are magisterial reformers? Reformers who worked with secular magistrates | |
| What was scholasticism? Medieval use of logic and debate in Christian theology | |
| Who were the Donatists? A North African Christian group disputing clergy validity | |
| What was the Council of Trent? Catholic council clarifying doctrine and addressing abuses | |
| Who was St. Ignatius of Loyola? Founder of the Society of Jesus | |
| Who was John Calvin? Reformer linked to predestination and Reformed Protestantism | |
| What is predestination? Belief that God has determined who receives salvation | |
| What is original sin? Humanity's inherited sinful condition from Adam and Eve | |
| What did Catholic teaching generally mean by free will? People can choose, but divine grace is necessary | |
| Who were the Anti-Trinitarians? Christians who rejected or questioned the Trinity | |
| What was the Schleitheim Confession of 1527? An Anabaptist statement on adult baptism and separation | |
| What was the Peace of Augsburg? 1555 settlement allowing rulers to choose Catholicism or Lutheranism | |
| What does 'cuius regio, eius religio' mean? The ruler's religion determines territory's religion | |
| Who were the Anabaptists? Radical Protestants emphasizing adult baptism | |
| What was the Marburg Colloquy? 1529 meeting seeking Protestant unity | |
| What was the German Peasant Revolt of 1524–1525? A major uprising seeking social and economic changes | |
| Who was Charles IX? French king during the Wars of Religion | |
| What was the Diet of Worms? 1521 assembly where Luther was ordered to recant | |
| Who was Johann Tetzel? Friar associated with preaching indulgences | |
| What did the Ninety-Five Theses challenge? Abuses and theology surrounding indulgences | |
| What was Luther's 'Address to the Christian Nobility'? A 1520 work urging nobles to help reform the church | |
| What is the 'Imitation of Christ'? A devotional work linked to Thomas à Kempis | |
| What was the benefice system? A system granting church offices and income | |
| What was the Modern Devotion? A movement emphasizing personal piety and devotion | |
| What was the Book of Common Prayer? English prayer book linked to Thomas Cranmer | |
| Who were the Jesuits? Members of the Society of Jesus | |
| What was the Act of Supremacy? Law making the English monarch supreme head of the Church of England | |
| What was the Reformation Parliament? Parliament that passed laws advancing Henry VIII's break with Rome | |
| What was the Schmalkaldic League? Alliance of Protestant German princes | |
| Who was Thomas Cranmer? Archbishop who helped shape the English Reformation | |
| Who was Anne Boleyn? Henry VIII's second wife during his conflict with Rome | |
| Who was Lady Jane Grey? Protestant English queen who ruled briefly in 1553 | |
| Who was Philip of Hesse? German prince and Protestant Reformation leader | |
| What was an indulgence? Remission of temporal punishment for sin under Catholic teaching | |
| Who was Martin Bucer? Strasbourg reformer who sought Protestant cooperation |
Created by:
brody.parsons