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Atlantic Revolution
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What was the Enlightenment? | A movement emphasizing reason, liberty and natural rights |
| What were natural rights? | Rights all people are born with such as life, liberty and property |
| What did john Locke believe? | Governments most protect natural rights (people can replace government that fail) |
| What did Montesquieu support? | Separation of powers to prevent one person or group from having too much power. |
| What did Voltaire support? | Freedom of Speech, religious tolerance, and limits on government power |
| What did Rousseau believe? | Government should reflect the will of the people. |
| What caused the American Revolution? | British taxes, lack of colonial representation, and growing demands for self-government. |
| How did the Enlightenment influence the American Revolution? | Colonist used ideas of natural rights, liberty and government by consent. |
| What was the Declaration of Independence? | A 1776 document declaring the colonies independent from Britain. |
| What was the legacy of the American Revolution? | It created an Independent United States and inspired other revolutionary movements. |
| What were major causes of the French Revoultion? | Debt, unfair social classes, high taxes, food shortages, and the Enlightenment ideas. |
| What were the three Estates in France? | 1st. Clergy, 2nd. Nobles, 3rd. Everyone else. |
| Why was the Third Estate unhappy? | It paid most taxes but had less political power than the privileged Estates. |
| What was the national Assembly? | A revolutionary government formed mainly by members of the Third Estate. |
| Why was the National Assembly important? | It challenged the king and claimed to represent the French people. |
| What happened when the Bastille was stormed. | Parisians seized the prison-fortress on July 14, 1789, symbolizing revolution. |
| Why was the Bastille important? | It fall became a symbol of resistance to royal authority. |
| How did the French Revolution affect the Catholic Church? | The government took church lands and reduced the Church's political power. |
| What was the Reign of Terror? | A period when Revolutionary leaders executed people seen as enemies of the Revolution |
| Who led the Reign of Terror? | The Committee of Public Safety, strongly associated with Maximilien Robespierre. |
| What was one result of the Reign or Terror? | Robespierre was overthrown and executed, ending the Terror |
| Who was Napoleon Bonaparte? | A French military leader who became emperor and reorganized France. |
| What was the Napoleonic Code? | A legal code that established equal treatment of men before the law and ended some privileges |
| How did Napoleon change France? | He centralized government, reformed laws, and strengthened education and administration |
| What were Napoleonic Wars? | They were Wars where Napoleon's France fought European powers and expanded its empire |
| Why did Napoleon's empire weaken? | Resistances, military losses, the failed invasion or Russia, and European coalitions weakened France. |
| How was Napoleon finally defeated? | He was defeated at Waterloo in 1815 and exiled. |
| What was the Congress of Vienna? | A 1814-1815 meeting that reorganized Europe after Nap's defeat. |
| What did the Congress of Vienna try to accomplish? | Restore stability, strengthen monarchies, and create a balance of power in Europe. |
| What was the Haitian Revolution? | A successful slave revolution that led Haiti to independence from France |
| Who was Toussaint L'Ouverture? | A major leader of the Haitian Revolution who fought to end slavery in Saint-Domingue |
| What was a major result of the Haitian Revolution? | Haitian become independent in 1804 and slavery was abolished there |
| How was South American society structured before independence? | Peninsulares held top position, creoles had wealth but less political power, others ranked below them |
| What caused South American Revolutions? | Enlightenment ideas, resentment of Spanish rule, social inequality, and Nap's invasion of Spain. |
| Who was Simon Bolivar? | A revolutionary leader who helped free several South American countries from Spanish Rule |
| What countries did Bolivar help liberate? | Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia were among the areas he helped liberate. |
| Who was Jose de San Martin? | A military leader who helped Argentina, Chile, and Peru gain Independence from Spain |
| How did Enlightenment ideas influence Latin American revolutions? | Ideas of liberty, equality and self government encouraged resistance to colonial rule. |
| What did the Atlantic Revolution have in common? | They challenged old political systems using ideas of liberty, Rights and self government |
Created by:
TMorse29